A structure which can adapt to the changing environmental conditions is called SMART.
This smartness can be achieved by using smart materials like Shape-memory alloys (SMA), piezoelectric crystal, magneto-rheological fluids etc.
Smart structures can take care of their own health and resist natural calamities.

MAIN FACTORS AFFECTING STRUCTURAL HEALTH:

Differential settlement
Earth quakes [...]

They are the materials which have the capability to respond to changes in their condition or the environment to which they are exposed, in a useful and usually repetitive manner. They are called by other names such as,

Intelligent materials,
Active materials and
Adoptive materials.

The devises that are made using smart materials are [...]