Cantilever wall are usually of reinforced concrete and work on the principles of leverage. Have much thinner stem, and utilize the weight of the backfill soil to provide most of the resistance to sliding and overturning. Most common type of... (Continue reading)
In certain cities and even countries the demand for land and space is rapidly exceeding the supply. Maritime centers do not escape from this reality, the continuous expansion of commercial maritime traffic and activities in seaports due to increases in... (Continue reading)
Analysis methods for slope stability are routinely applied by geotechnical engineers. Slope designs, however, are usually based on a "safety factor" which does not account for soil variability (soil variability is due to actual in-place conditions and not due to... (Continue reading)
Electro osmotic consolidation means the consolidation of soft clays by the application of electric current. It was studied and applied for the first time by Casagrande. It is inherent that fine grained clay particles with large interfacial surface will consolidate... (Continue reading)
The ground can be improved by adapting certain ground improvement techniques. Vibro-compaction increases the density of the soil by using powerful depth vibrators. Vacuum consolidation is used for improving soft soils by using a vacuum pump. Preloading method is used... (Continue reading)
The installation process and method of installations are equally important factors as of the design process of pile foundations. pile installation methods are installation by pile hammer and boring by mechanical auger. In order to avoid damages to the piles,... (Continue reading)
Piles can be arranged in a number of ways so that they can support load imposed on them. Vertical piles can be designed to carry vertical loads as well as lateral loads. If required, vertical piles can be combined with... (Continue reading)
Classification of pile with respect to load transmission and functional behavior End bearing piles (point bearing piles) Friction piles (cohesion piles ) Combination of friction and cohesion piles End bearing piles These piles transfer their load on to a firm... (Continue reading)
When it becomes impossible to provide the suitable surface foundation for a structure; the use of pile foundations becomes necessary, this situation arose from either the soil condition or the order of bottom layers, the nature of the loads transferred... (Continue reading)
Preparation The ground over which the filling has to be done should be cleaned off all grass, loose stones, rubbish of all kinds etc. If there is water in the area, it should be pumped or bailed out. If the... (Continue reading)
Soil improvement in its broadest sense is the alteration of any property of a soil to improve its engineering performance. This may be either a temporary process to permit the construction of a facility or may be a permanent measure... (Continue reading)
Foundation Foundation is the part of structure below plinth level up to the soil. It is in direct contact of soil and transmits load of super structure to soil. Generally it is below the ground level. If some part of... (Continue reading)
EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS RELATED TO GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING • Ground Shaking: Shakes structures constructed on ground causing them to collapse • Liquefaction: Conversion of formally stable cohesionless soils to a fluid mass, causing damage to the structures • Landslides: Triggered by the... (Continue reading)
Lateral Deformation and Spreading Lateral Spreading: Liquefaction related phenomenon Upslope portion of lateral spread at Budharmora, Gujarat Lateral spreading in the soil beneath embankment causes the embankment to be pulled apart, producing the large crack down the center of... (Continue reading)
Earthquake Destruction: Fire Earthquakes sometimes cause fire due to broken gas lines, contributing to the loss of life and economy. The destruction of lifelines and utilities make impossible for firefighters to reach fires started and make the situation worse eg.... (Continue reading)
Ground Improvement for Liquefaction Hazard Mitigation Ground Improvement in IS Code “In poor and weak subsoils, the design of conventional shallow foundation for structures and equipment may present problems with respect to both sizing of foundations as well as... (Continue reading)