In conventional surveying, chain and tape are used for making linear measurements while compass and ordinary theodolites are used for making angular measurements. Levelling work is carried out using a Dumpy level and a levelling staff. With such surveying instruments, survey work will be slow and tedious.
Hence modern surveying instruments are becoming more popular [...]

Surveying is the art of determining the relative positions of points on, above or beneath the surface of the earth by means of direct or indirect measurements of distance, direction and elevation. Levelling is a branch of surveying the object of which is,

to find the elevations of points with respect to a given or [...]

Geodetic and Control Surveying
Engineering and Design – Survey Markers and MonumentationControl and Topographic Surveying
Engineering and Design – Photogrammetric Mapping
Geospatial Data and Systems