Different types of hazards are associated with excavation of soil. for instance, failure of soils at sides of trenches and pits, movement of buildings due excavations at its vicinity, falling workers into pits, buried workers due to collapse of earth, ...
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Variable Head Permeability Test of Soil- Purpose, and Procedures
Variable head permeability test is one of several techniques by which the permeability of soil is determined. It is used to evaluate the permeability of fairly less previous soil. Permeability is the measure of the ability of soil to allow ...
Effect of Fire and High Temperature on FRPs
Fire and high temperature influence properties (strength, stiffness, young’s modulus) of FRPs extensively. It is necessary to understand the influence of high temperature and fire in order to consider proper fire protection strategy. Fire performance of FRPs are as crucial ...
Traversing in Surveying – Types and Methods
A traverse is a series of connected lines whose lengths and directions are to be measured and the process of surveying to find such measurements is known as traversing. In general, chains are used to measure length and compass or ...
7 Common Design Faults Causing Damage to Concrete
There are number of common design faults that lead to the damage of concrete and hence the capacity of the structural member would be reduced. In adequate structural design, inadequate cover, improper joint detailing, incorrect placement of embedments in concrete, ...
CFRP Laminates for Shear Strengthening of RC Beams
The use of Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips for shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beam has gain great success. Structural beams may loss shear capacity due to environmental influences or design and construction errors and hence rehabilitation of the ...
Reinforcement Treatment Methods for Corrosion Protection
Treatment of reinforcements with proper materials and agents one of the defensive layers against corrosion attacks in aggressive environments. There are many reinforcement treatment methods for instance anticorrosive treatment using acid or alkali agents and fusion bonded epoxy coating. The ...
5 Methods to Increase Structural Stiffness
The improvement of structural stiffness is crucial because the trend of building construction is toward taller, wider floor, and longer span structures. So, in order to reduce deflections and improve resistance of such structures against lateral loads such as wind ...
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers- Properties, and Applications
Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is a type of composite materials consist of carbon fiber and polymer. The carbon fiber provides the strength and stiffness while the polymer acts as cohesive matrix to protect and held the fibers together. CFRP ...
What are the Components of Highways?
The basic components of the highway are the road width, cross slope, pavement, road margins, traffic separators, and curbs. These geometric elements are designed and influenced by the psychology of the driver, the characteristics of the vehicle and the traffic ...