Base Isolation Method in Building Construction Conventional Construction Practice assumes Fixed Base Structures The Dynamic Characteristics of Fixed Base Structures are determined by the general characteristics of the structural system The Designer can only slightly adjust those Dynamic Characteristics As a matter of fact, most common Building Structures have unfavourable Dynamic Characteristics that result in(…)
Earthquake Engineering
PERFORMANCE OF VARIOUS TYPES OF BUILDINGS DURING EARTHQUAKE
Different types of buildings suffer different degrees of damage during earthquakes and the same has been studied here. 1. MUD AND ADOBE HOUSES: Unburnt sun dried bricks laid in mud mortar are called adobe construction. Mud houses are the traditional construction, for poor and most suitable in view of their initial cost, easy availability, low(…)
IMPROVING EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE OF SMALL BUILDINGS
The earthquake resistance of small buildings may be increased by taking some precautions and measures in site selections, building planning and constructions as explained below: 1. Site Selection for small buildings: The building constructions should be avoided on (a) Near unstable embankments (b) On sloping ground with columns of different heights (c) Flood affected areas(…)
Conceptual Design to Resist Earthquakes
Buildings are designed by architects and engineers. In reality, in most cases, buildings principally for human occupancy are designed conceptually by architects. That is to say that architects are the ones principally responsible for the configuration of buildings for human occupancy. Configuration has to do with the shape and size of the building. Inevitably shape(…)
Seismic Design of Earth-Retaining Structures and Foundations
DESIGNS of retaining walls, earth dam, abutments, foundations, etc. are very important problems related to the geotechnical engineering. To minimize the devastating effect of earthquake on retaining structures, computation of earth pressures and the point of applications carries attention of the researchers. The most commonly used methods to design the retaining structures under seismic conditions(…)
Economical Design of Earthquake Resistent Brigdes
With the occurrence of every major earthquake, there has been in the past, almost a world-wide tendency to increase the capacity demand of the structure to counteract such events. It is only in the last decade that new strategies have been successfully developed to handle this problem economically. The current international practice has shifted towards(…)
EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT DESIGN TECHNIQUES
The conventional approach to earthquake resistant design of buildings depends upon providing the building with strength, stiffness and inelastic deformation capacity which are great enough to withstand a given level of earthquake-generated force. This is generally accomplished through the selection of an appropriate structural configuration and the careful detailing of structural members, such as beams(…)
SOURCES OF EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE
Vibration of the structure in response to ground shaking at its foundation is the concern of the structural engineer, and which is taken into account by codal provisions of the different seismic-resistant design codes. However, these codes do not include any provision due to other effects, which may even exceed that due to vibration, as(…)