Viscosity Modifying admixtures or VMAs are the admixtures used to change the properties such as viscosity, workability, cohesiveness etc. of fresh concrete. Function of VMA and Applications in different types of concretes are discussed below. Function of Viscosity Modifying Admixture ...
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Concrete Laitance- Causes, Removal, vs Efflorescence
Concrete laitance is a layer of weak and nondurable cement and fine particles originated from aggregate. These materials are moved upward due to movement of moisture (bleeding) through concrete because of the presence of too much mixing water. The quantity ...
Dry Pack Mortar- Applications and Advantages
Dry pack mortar, which is also called deck mud or floor mud, is a mixture of sand, cement, and water. It is used to repair small spots, creating thick bed mortar for tile and brick placement, and bed shower installation. ...
Refractory Mortar – Types and Construction Practice
Refractory mortar is a specially engineered mixture of sand, calcium aluminate, cement, and fireclay. It is used to lay firebrick in places that are exposed to extremely high temperature. The refractory mortar is utilized only to build fire places and ...
Subgrade and Subbase for Concrete Slabs
Subgrade and subbase are the foundation of a concrete slab and play critical role in its performance. According to the ACI Code, the subgrade is a compacted and improved natural soil or brought infill whereas subbase is a layer of ...
Types of Form Ties Used in Formwork
Formwork for concrete structures is more important in order to get perfect dimensions of structural parts. Accessories used in formwork will also play a key role in it. Form ties are the important accessories of formwork. Different type of form ...
Lithium Silicate Chemical Hardener for concrete
Lithium silicate is a chemical hardener applied to the concrete surface to improve its strength, durability, longevity, and abrasive resistance. The increased strength of concrete is due to the calcium silicate formed as a result of lithium silicate reaction with ...
Efflorescence on Concrete Floor and Removal Methods
Efflorescence is white powdery material formed on concrete floor surface when soluble salts migrate to the surface of concrete. It is produced due to low temperatures, moist conditions, condensation, rain, dew, and water added to the surface of fresh concrete ...
Role of Calcium Chloride in Concrete
Calcium chlorides is used as accelerator in hydration process of cement, leading to quick set of concrete and to get high initial strength concrete. Maximum permissible limit of addition of calcium chloride is 2% in flake form. Methods of Adding ...
How to Pour New Concrete Over Old Concrete Surface?
New concrete is commonly poured over old concrete, which may have been damaged for any reason, for repairing purpose. However, this approach is not suitable option unless the existing concrete is in good shape structurally. Concrete surface suffers from wearing ...