Longitudinal skin reinforcement is deformed bars, wires, or bonded prestressed reinforcement placed uniformly on both sides of the vertical face of the tension zone in relatively deep beams to control crack width. If the deep beam is not equipped with ...
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Non-Destructive Testing of Underwater Concrete Structures
Non-destructive testing (NDT) is performed on underwater concrete structures as a part of structural investigation, routine preventive maintenance programs, or examinations prompted by an accident or catastrophic event. Some of the underwater concrete NDT techniques include sounding, echo sounders, side-scan sonar, ...
Tunnel Shafts: Types, Construction, and Advantages
Tunnel shafts are vertical passages that connect the ground surface to the tunnel roof. Shafts have many advantages and are used in constructing tunnels. When the position and course of the tunnel are correctly aligned and accordingly set out on ...
How to Become a LEED Accredited Professional (AP) in the U.S?
The U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) provides Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) credentials representing an individual’s proficiency in sustainable design, construction and operation standards. It is a credential that takes one’s green-building career to the next level. LEED ...
What are the Things Involved in Fire Damage Restoration Services?
If there is a fire, there is bound to be some smoke. The combination of these two can lead to severe property destruction. Ruins can be in the likes of destroyed staircases, burnt furniture, and holes resulting from a burnt ...
What are Rebar Shakers?
A rebar shaker is a vibratory device attached to steel bars which turns them into a vibratory instrument to consolidate the concrete. It is designed to compact concrete in reinforced concrete elements that cannot be reached easily, such as congested ...
Concrete Revibration: Effects on Concrete and Applications in Building Construction
Concrete revibration is a deliberate and systematic vibration of concrete that has been vibrated sometime before. It can be carried out at any time provided the concrete remains plastic and the vibration instrument penetrates concrete under its weight. However, the ...
Practical Tips for Using Concrete Vibrators in the Field
Vibration is one of the methods used to consolidate poured concrete to achieve required density and, subsequently, the designated concrete strength. Vibrators (internal and external or shutter vibrator) need to be used properly and skillfully; otherwise, the concrete may get ...