Different types of earth retaining systems can be employed to conduct deep excavation procedure in construction. The selection of earth retaining system depends on the economy, the soil conditions of the site, the safety of adjacent structures, water table conditions ...
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Factors Affecting Permeability of Soil
A soil is said to be permeable when it allows water through it. There are various factors such as void ratio, size, and shape of the particle, degree of saturation os soil etc. which are affecting permeability property of soils ...
Field Density of Soil by Rubber Balloon Method
Rubber balloon test method is an in-situ test conducted to determine field density of soils especially compacted soils. Apparatus required, test procedure and calculations of rubber balloon method are explained in this article. Field Density of Soil by Rubber Balloon ...
Consolidation Test on Soil by Consolidometer or Oedometer
Consolidation Test is used to determine the rate and magnitude of settlement in soils. The settlement values obtained by this test are due to primary consolidation only which is 90% of the total consolidation. The results of consolidation test are ...
Shear Strength of Soil by Vane Shear Test
Vane shear test is used to determine the undrained shear strength of soils especially soft clays. This test can be done in laboratory or in the field directly on the ground. Vane shear test gives accurate results for soils of ...
Retaining Wall Types, Materials, Economy, and Applications
What is a retaining wall? Retaining wall is a structure that are designed and constructed to withstand lateral pressure of soil or hold back soil materials. The lateral pressure could be also due to earth filling, liquid pressure, sand, and ...
Determine Water Content of Soil by Oven Dry and Pycnometer Methods
What is Water Content of Soil? The water content of soil is is the ratio of mass of water to mass of soil which is expressed in percentage. Oven Dry Method and Pycnometer Method are commonly used to determine the ...
Shear Strength of Soil by Direct Shear Test
Direct shear test or Box shear test is used to determine the shear strength of the soil. It is more suitable for cohesionless soils. Shear Strength of Soil by Direct Shear Test Shear strength of a soil is its maximum ...