The criteria for the design of earth dams are: 1. Sufficient spillway capacity and freeboard are provided so that there is no danger of overtopping of the dam 2. Seepage flow through the embankment is controlled so that the amount lost does not interfere with the objective of the dam and there is no erosion(…)
Water Resources
EARTHFILL DAMS & ITS CLASSIFICATION
Earthfill dams are the most common type of dam built to any height. They are designed as a non-overflow section with separate spillway. The reason for such wide spread use of earthfill dams are: The foundation requirements are not as rigorous as other dams Local available soil is the main construction material High skill not(…)
COMPONENTS OF RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM
A rainwater harvesting system consists of components for transporting rainwater through pipes or drains, filtration, and tanks for storage of harvested water. The common components of a rainwater harvesting system are: – 1. Catchments: The surface which directly receives the rainfall and provides water to the system is called catchment area. It can be(…)
All About Coffer Dam
A cofferdam is a temporary structure designed to keep water and/or soil out of the excavation in which a bridge pier or other structure is built. Types of Cofferdams Braced Earth-Type Timber Crib Double-Walled Sheet Pile Cellular Braced Cofferdams Formed from a single wall of sheet piling Drive into the ground to form a box(…)
More Efficient Alternate Irrigation Systems
The problem of water shortage continues to grow – both locally and globally. At the same time the need for restoration of dry lands and more food production from deserts and dry lands are both increasing. Buried Clay Pot Irrigation One of the most studied, and very effective systems uses a buried clay pot full(…)
Environmental Impacts of Large Dams
Dams have both intended and unintended impacts, which can be positive or negative. It is unlikely to find intended negative impacts, though positive impacts can be both intended and unintended. Each of these types of impacts can be inevitable in their entirety, reducible or totally avoidable. Most adverse social and environmental impacts of large dams(…)
Rain Water Harvesting- Design Tips
Rain Water Harvesting is a way to capture the rain water when it rains, store that water above ground or charge the underground and use it later. This happens naturally in open rural areas. But in congested, over-paved metropolitan cities, we need to create methods to capture the rain water. Collection of Water Water collected(…)
Channel Sections – Spreadsheet
Download this spreadheet and you can easily calculate area of canal sections, wetted perimeter, hydraulic radius, top width, hydraulic depth, section factor of rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, parabolic, circular sections. This spread sheet is very much useful in case of design of channel (canal) sections. Donwload from here