Tunnel alignment is simply the position or layout of the tunnel on the ground; the alignment can be either horizontal or vertical. While a horizontal alignment runs along the tunnel center, a vertical alignment defines the changes in elevations of ...
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Collapse of Willow Island Cooling Tower: One of the Worst Construction Disasters in the History of US
The basic requirement in the design of any structure is that it should safely support all the loads during construction and in service. During the construction of the cooling tower at the Pleasants Power Station located at Willow Island, West ...
Important Know-How on Progressive Collapse of Building Structures
Progressive collapse or disproportionate collapse of a building occurs when the failure of a single structural element leads to the failure of other components in a progressive manner. The failure starts with the primary structural element, accompanied by the failure ...
Everything You Need to Know About Concrete Slabs in Building Construction
Concrete slabs are structural elements used to create flat horizontal surfaces, like floors, ceilings, and roof decks. They support and transfer the loads safely from columns to walls. They are commonly made of reinforced concrete with their top and bottom ...
Outrigger Structural System for High-Rise Building: All You Need to Know: Explained With Video
Outriggers are interior lateral structural systems provided to improve the overturning stiffness and strength of high-rise buildings. It is a lateral load resisting system that is located within the building. The whole system consists of a core structure connected to ...
Design Procedure of Reinforced Concrete T-beam with Example
T-beams are formed when reinforced concrete floor slabs, roofs, and decks are cast monolithically with their supporting beams. Generally, formworks are placed for the bottom and sides of the beams and soffit of slabs. Bent up bars and stirrups of ...
How to Estimate Preliminary Sizes of Concrete Elements?
Estimation of preliminary sizes of concrete elements is crucial for the design of structural concrete elements. Initially, the designer has to determine the loads to proceed with the design works that involve calculating the dimensions of concrete members and required ...
How to Design a Two-Way Continuous Slab as per Indian Standards?
A two-way slab is supported on all its four sides by beams. The supports carry the loads along both directions of the slab, therefore it is called a two-way slab. Whereas, a continuous slab extends over three or more support ...