The whole bearing system (WBS) and Quadrantal Bearing system (QBS) are two notations of bearings that are used in compass surveying. The WCB system can be converted to QBS or vice versa by a simple calculation. Different bearings used in ...
Discy Latest Articles
Magnetic Compass Used in Surveying -Principles & Types
A compass surveying is performed by means of a magnetic compass which helps to determine the angles and the direction of the survey lines. The main two types of magnetic compass employed are a prismatic compass and a surveyor compass. ...
What is Fire Resistance of Concrete? Mechanism and Factors
Fire resistance of concrete is the ability of concrete to withstand fire or to give protection against fire. This involves the ability of concrete structural element to continue perform a specific structural function or confine fire or both. The duration ...
Errors in Chain Surveying – Types and Causes
The errors formed in chaining can be either cumulative error and compensating error. The errors can be considered either as a negative value or positive value depending on whether the result is a higher value or smaller value. Cumulative Error ...
Incorrect Chain in Surveying – Error & Correction
If the chain that is employed for measuring length is not equal to the true length, then the length measured won’t be correct. This measurement hence requires correction. A chain that is very long, gives a distance that is lesser ...
What is Ranging? Direct and Indirect Ranging
The process of fixing or establishing intermediate points to facilitate measurement of the survey lines are called as Ranging. The intermediate points are located by means of ranging rodes, offset rods and ranging poles. Ranging Out Survey Lines While measuring ...
Bulk Density and Void Percentage Test for Aggregates
The bulk density and void percentage of aggregate can be evaluated using standard test methods of applicable codes such as ASTM C 29/C29M-17a, IS: 2386 (Part 3) – 1963, or BS 812-2:1995. The procedure provided in this article is based ...
How the Ground Shakes During Earthquakes?
Ground shaking is the consequence of movement of seismic waves through the ground, which ranges from quite gentle in small earthquakes to considerably violent in large earthquakes. Ground shaking move buildings from side to side and up and down. The ...