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Gopal Mishra - Answers

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  1. Asked: January 20, 2019In: Construction Site Related

    Can we alter the concrete mix design at site?

    Gopal Mishra

    Gopal Mishra

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    Gopal Mishra
    Added an answer on January 20, 2019 at 4:24 pm

    In that case, you need to sieve the 10mm aggregates and use only those which pass through 12.5mm sieve. You can not alter the mix design. In other case, you need to redo the mix design based on locally available material and use the mix proportion accordingly.

    In that case, you need to sieve the 10mm aggregates and use only those which pass through 12.5mm sieve. You can not alter the mix design.

    In other case, you need to redo the mix design based on locally available material and use the mix proportion accordingly.

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  2. Asked: January 20, 2019In: Laboratory Tests

    What is gradation limits for 6mm aggregates?

    Gopal Mishra

    Gopal Mishra

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    Gopal Mishra
    Added an answer on January 20, 2019 at 4:18 pm

    you can refer to this article https://theconstructor.org/practical-guide/grading-limits-for-aggregates/2383/

    you can refer to this article https://theconstructor.org/practical-guide/grading-limits-for-aggregates/2383/

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  3. Asked: January 2, 2019In: Construction Site Related

    How to calculate volume of quandrilateral / Irregular shape concrete?

    Gopal Mishra

    Gopal Mishra

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    Gopal Mishra
    Added an answer on January 2, 2019 at 5:49 pm

    Your question is not clear, it will be better if you provide more details and attach an image of that.

    Your question is not clear, it will be better if you provide more details and attach an image of that.

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  4. Asked: December 18, 2018In: Construction

    Which cement is best for concrete slab construction? OPC or PPC?

    Gopal Mishra

    Gopal Mishra

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    Gopal Mishra
    Added an answer on December 18, 2018 at 9:25 pm

    Both OPC and PPC cements are good for construction of concrete slab. OPC is the most commonly used cement in industrial and large construction, PPC is most commonly used for small residential constructions. PPC is used where possibilities of sulphate attack is higher as it has good sulphate resistanRead more

    Both OPC and PPC cements are good for construction of concrete slab. OPC is the most commonly used cement in industrial and large construction, PPC is most commonly used for small residential constructions.
    PPC is used where possibilities of sulphate attack is higher as it has good sulphate resistance compared to OPC. Also pozzolana Portland cement is cheaper than ordinary Portland cement.
    OPC cement hardens faster than PPC, has higher heat of hydration and thus it requires more care in curing.

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  5. Asked: November 30, 2017In: Career Guidance

    Which is Best Subject for Masters in Civil Engineering?

    Gopal Mishra

    Gopal Mishra

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    Gopal Mishra
    Added an answer on November 30, 2017 at 6:17 pm

    If your dream is to start a construction company, then the best option for your master's degree would be construction and infrastructure management. Otherwise, all subjects are good and they have equal value.

    If your dream is to start a construction company, then the best option for your master’s degree would be construction and infrastructure management. Otherwise, all subjects are good and they have equal value.

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  6. Asked: November 18, 2017In: Foundation

    What are Bearing Capacity Values of Different Types of Soil?

    Gopal Mishra

    Gopal Mishra

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    Gopal Mishra
    Added an answer on November 28, 2017 at 8:36 pm

    @Giuseppe Pace 1 kg = 10 N, so, 1000 N = 100 kg = 1 kN. So, value of column 2 is divided by 100 to obtain value in kN/m2.

    @Giuseppe Pace

    1 kg = 10 N, so, 1000 N = 100 kg = 1 kN. So, value of column 2 is divided by 100 to obtain value in kN/m2.

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  7. Asked: November 25, 2017In: Concrete

    What is Grade of Concrete, its Types, Usage and Selection?

    Gopal Mishra

    Gopal Mishra

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    Best Answer
    Gopal Mishra
    Added an answer on November 26, 2017 at 5:53 pm

    What is Grade of Concrete? Grade of concrete is defined as the minimum strength the concrete must posses after 28 days of construction with proper quality control. Grade of concrete is denoted by prefixing M to the desired strength in MPa. For example, for a grade of concrete with 20MPa strength, itRead more

    What is Grade of Concrete?

    Grade of concrete is defined as the minimum strength the concrete must posses after 28 days of construction with proper quality control.

    Grade of concrete is denoted by prefixing M to the desired strength in MPa. For example, for a grade of concrete with 20MPa strength, it will be denoted by M20, where M stands for Mix.

    These grade of concrete is converted into various mix proportions. For example, for M20 concrete, mix proportion will be 1:1.5:3 for cement:sand:coarse aggregates.

    How to select suitable grade for concrete construction?

    Grade of concrete construction is selected based on structural design requirements. There are two types of concrete mixes, nominal mix and design mix.

    Nominal mix concrete are those which are generally used for small scale construction and small residential buildings where concrete consumption is not high. Nominal mix takes care of factor of safety against various quality control problems generally occurring during concrete construction.

    Design mix concrete are those for which mix proportions are obtained from various lab tests. Use of design mix concrete requires good quality control during material selection, mixing, transportation and placement of concrete. This concrete offers mix proportions based on locally available material and offers economy in construction if large scale concrete construction is carried out.

    Thus, large concrete construction projects uses design mix concrete.

    So, suitable grade of concrete can be selected based on structural requirements. Nominal mixes for grades of concrete such as M15, M20, M25 are generally used for small scale construction.

    Large structures have high strength requirements, thus they go for higher grades of concrete such as M30 and above. The mix proportions of these concretes are based on mix design.

    Regular Grades of Concrete and their Uses

    Regular grades of concrete are M15, M20, M25 etc. For plain cement concrete works, generally M15 is used. For reinforced concrete construction minimum M20 grade of concrete are used.

    Concrete Grade Mix Ratio Compressive Strength
    MPa (N/mm2) psi
    Normal Grade of Concrete
    M5 1 : 5 : 10 5 MPa 725 psi
    M7.5 1 : 4 : 8 7.5 MPa 1087 psi
    M10 1 : 3 : 6 10 MPa 1450 psi
    M15 1 : 2 : 4 15 MPa 2175 psi
    M20 1 : 1.5 : 3 20 MPa 2900 psi
    Standard Grade of Concrete
    M25 1 : 1 : 2 25 MPa 3625 psi
    M30 Design Mix 30 MPa 4350 psi
    M35 Design Mix 35 MPa 5075 psi
    M40 Design Mix 40 MPa 5800 psi
    M45 Design Mix 45 MPa 6525 psi
    High Strength Concrete Grades
    M50 Design Mix 50 MPa 7250 psi
    M55 Design Mix 55 MPa 7975 psi
    M60 Design Mix 60 MPa 8700 psi
    M65 Design Mix 65 MPa 9425 psi
    M70 Design Mix 70 MPa 10150 psi
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  8. Asked: November 23, 2017In: Concrete

    Hybrid Reinforced Concrete with Banana Fibers Project

    Gopal Mishra

    Gopal Mishra

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    Gopal Mishra
    Added an answer on November 23, 2017 at 4:41 pm

    Reinforced concrete construction requires compressive strength and certain properties such as workability and durability. When adding banana fibers with concrete, I have no idea what property of concrete you are trying to modify. Can you share more details about your project on what are your thoughtRead more

    Reinforced concrete construction requires compressive strength and certain properties such as workability and durability. When adding banana fibers with concrete, I have no idea what property of concrete you are trying to modify. Can you share more details about your project on what are your thoughts while selecting this topic? Which property of concrete will it affect?

    For your project topic, you can divide your research in two parts:

    1. Effect on fresh concrete
    2. Effect on hardened concrete.

    Effect on fresh concrete

    The most important effect on fresh concrete will be its workability. While adding banana fibers in concrete, please check for its effect on workability at various proportions of banana fibers with cement at a constant water content.

    Then change the water content and retry tests for workability at different banana fibers content.

    Based on the result, you can select the optimum water content and banana fibers.

    Effect on hardened concrete

    Effect on hardened concrete is its compressive strength at 28 days. For various proportions of banana fibers and water cement ratio, you must evaluate its effect on concrete compressive strength. These tests must be carried out for various water content ratio and banana fiber contents.

    A study must also be conducted for what will be the life of banana fibers inside concrete? Will it decay? What happens when it decays?

    Based on your feedback about what is your actual goal, I can provide other guidelines.

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