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What are the design features for ‘Furrow Irrigation’?
DevilAVRT
In this, water is applied through series of long, narrow, field channels called Furrows. Small furrows called corrugations. Water flowing through furrows infiltrates into the land/soil and spreads laterally to roots of plants. Crops are grown on ridges, levees. Evaporation losses reduces up to someRead more
- In this, water is applied through series of long, narrow, field channels called Furrows.
- Small furrows called corrugations.
- Water flowing through furrows infiltrates into the land/soil and spreads laterally to roots of plants.
- Crops are grown on ridges, levees.
- Evaporation losses reduces up to some extent.
- Suitable for row crops such as maize. Longitudinal slope of furrow – 0.6 – 0.8%
See lessWhat are the responsibilities of a construction manager?
DevilAVRT
• Cost Estimates • Purchase of selected materials before the construction is to start • Selection of bidders • Analysis of proposals • Contract negotiations • Scheduling and Monitoring • Control on the cost of construction • Supervision of construction work
• Cost Estimates
See less• Purchase of selected materials before the construction is to start
• Selection of bidders
• Analysis of proposals
• Contract negotiations
• Scheduling and Monitoring
• Control on the cost of construction
• Supervision of construction work
How we can reduce wastage of Concrete during pumping of concrete?
DevilAVRT
Estimate pouring speed and match it production speed to avoid waiting and approaching it's setting time, keep home work-ready with trials for options (e.g., redosing with SP) for reusing leftover concrete, inform Batching plant when 10% of the pour is balanced and reduce trucks carrying concrete theRead more
Estimate pouring speed and match it production speed to avoid waiting and approaching it’s setting time, keep home work-ready with trials for options (e.g., redosing with SP) for reusing leftover concrete, inform Batching plant when 10% of the pour is balanced and reduce trucks carrying concrete thereafter, explore the scope for casting precast blocks from leftover / used in testing, etc. concrete,
Deploy a supervisor to be in touch with Batching Plant from site to hold or slow down concrete supply if there is any issue at the site, keep critical spare parts of Concrete Pumps, etc. available at site 24 x 7, deploy an experienced Pump operator and a Concrete specialist at the site
1. Small precast forms(curbs, drain slabs, etc., which are needed in the project) to be kept ready at the site near the RMC pouring area fresh concrete waste needs to be handled into these forms. Optimum labor to be maintained to handle these operations.
2. Retrieve the aggregates by washing off the waste concrete.
3. Order the right quantity of concrete required to finish the pour, hence reducing the wastage.
4. Have at least one spare pump at the site when pouring a large quantity of concrete.
5. Have the right waste concrete segregation pits at RMC plants to wash the wet concrete and to retrieve the coarse aggregates.
See lessWhat is the diffrence between lap length and development length?
DevilAVRT
Development Length At the point when you have a reinforcement bar that is not required to convey the tensile forces, then the tension is zero at that section. At that point, you should build up the bar further with the grip between the steel and concrete that makes it a continuous structure. PresentRead more
Development Length
At the point when you have a reinforcement bar that is not required to convey the tensile forces, then the tension is zero at that section. At that point, you should build up the bar further with the grip between the steel and concrete that makes it a continuous structure. Presently we need to give this development length in such a case that we don’t. At that point, the bar doesn’t have any restrain, and we realize that if a part doesn’t have any restrain, then it doesn’t resist any forces. So this is the idea of development length.
Lap Length
At the time of placing steel for RC structures, if the length of the bar required to make a design length is insufficient, then the lapping of the bars is done.
Lap length is the min length that should be provided if two bars are joined together such that forces can be transferred safely.
LAP LENGTH IN TENSION.
1. For flexural tension – Ld or 30d whichever is greater.
2. For direct tension – 2Ld or 30d whichever is greater.
The straight length of lapping should be greater than 15d or 20 cm.
LAP LENGTH IN COMPRESSION:
The lap length in compression should be equivalent to the development length in compression figured but be greater than 24d.
FOR DIFFERENT DIAMETER BARS:
Bars of different dia are to be fastened, and then the lap length is to be calculated with reference to smaller die bar.
See lessHow to reduce Creep in a structure?
DevilAVRT
The effects of creep can be reduced through several different methods. One way to reduce creep is to lower the working temperature of the metal being used, although this is not always possible. Another method is reducing the constant load the metal has to withstand, but again, this may not be achievRead more
The effects of creep can be reduced through several different methods. One way to reduce creep is to lower the working temperature of the metal being used, although this is not always possible. Another method is reducing the constant load the metal has to withstand, but again, this may not be achievable depending on the application. Using a metal with large grains can reduce creep because less grain boundary sliding occurs. Certain metals with specific alloying element additions can avoid creep by eliminating microstructural vacancies.
See lessCan quarry dust be replaced with sand in concrete?
DevilAVRT
The idea of substitution of sand by quarry dust could improve the usage of generated quarry dust, hence lessening the prerequisite of landfill zone and moderating the hardly accessible normal sand feasible turn of events. Quality of the solid is essentially reliant on holding of the fine totals, whiRead more
The idea of substitution of sand by quarry dust could improve the usage of generated quarry dust, hence lessening the prerequisite of landfill zone and moderating the hardly accessible normal sand feasible turn of events. Quality of the solid is essentially reliant on holding of the fine totals, which fills the voids between the coarse totals.
It is discovered that the quality of cement is more for w/c of 0.45 when contrasted and w/c of 0.5 as the amount of water builds, the compressive quality abatements when supplanted with quarry dust. This is because of the water retention property of quarry dust. It is notable that the w/c proportion increments as the quality reductions. Be that as it may, the perception with respect to compressive quality of quarry dust when contrasted with sand is nonlinear.
From the test study, it is presumed that the quarry residue can be utilized as a substitution for fine aggregate. It is discovered that 40% substitution of sand by quarry dust invigorates the most extreme outcome in contrast with typical concrete and afterward diminishes from half. The outcomes demonstrated that up to 40% substitution of sand by the quarry dust initiated higher compressive quality and the functionality of solid reductions as substitution increments. Accordingly, the natural impacts and waste can be altogether decreased.
For detailed info, refer this site.
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ace/2016/1742769/
See lessWhat is Kicker Reinforcement in RCC Column?
DevilAVRT
a Kicker is a 5-15cm advance that is given at the Column/Shear divider Base during the throwing of the section/establishment. It is given to guarantee that the directions of the section/divider are kept up consistently between the chunks and basically all through the structure. Casting of slab/ founRead more
a Kicker is a 5-15cm advance that is given at the Column/Shear divider Base during the throwing of the section/establishment. It is given to guarantee that the directions of the section/divider are kept up consistently between the chunks and basically all through the structure.
See lessCasting of slab/ foundation, the covering for the segment can be fixed legitimately on the kicker to ensure column location and base alignment is precise.
Its job is to keep away uneven steel cover and Column/wall alignment issues, which are practically difficult to correct once the concrete is cast and can be effortlessly distinguished/redressed by giving a kicker.
An inappropriate practice related to the arrangement of the kicker is that a few contractual workers give a kicker after casting a slab, which includes an extra undesirable Construction columns near the base where the shear is maximum and hence is not advised.
What are the method for finding Bearing capacity of soil?
DevilAVRT
Methods for estimating bearing capacity of soil Analytical methods involving the use of soil parameters Rankine’s Analysis Terzaghi’s Analysis Plate load test Penetration test Standard penetration test Dutch cone test Presumptive bearing capacity values from codes
Methods for estimating bearing capacity of soil
- Analytical methods involving the use of soil parameters
- Rankine’s Analysis
- Terzaghi’s Analysis
- Plate load test
- Penetration test
- Standard penetration test
- Dutch cone test
- Presumptive bearing capacity values from codes
See less