How to Determine the Specific Gravity of Chemicals using Pycnometer? 

Steps

PROCEDURE

1. Clean and dry the density bottle

1. wash the bottle with water and allow it to drain.
2. Wash it with alcohol and drain it to remove water.
3.  Wash it with ether, to remove alcohol and drain ether.

1. Weigh the empty bottle with stopper (W₁)
2. Take about 10 to 20 gm of oven soil sample which is cooled in a desiccator. Transfer it to the bottle. Find the weight of the bottle and soil (W₂).
3. Put 10ml of distilled water in the bottle to allow the soil to soak completely. Leave it for about 2 hours.
4. Again fill the bottle completely with distilled water put the stopper and keep the bottle

    under constant temperature water baths (T_x⁰ ).

1. Take the bottle outside and wipe it clean and dry note. Now determine the weight of the bottle and the contents(W₃).
2. Now empty the bottle and thoroughly clean it. Fill the bottle with only disttiled water and weigh it. Let it be W₄at temperature (T_x⁰C).
3. Repeat the same process for 2 to 3 times, to take the average reading of it.

  OBSERVATIONS

S. No.	Observation Number	1	2	3
1 2   3   4	Weight of density bottle (W1 g) Weight of density bottle + dry soil (W2 g) Weight of bottle + dry soil + water at temperature T x0 C (W3 g) Weight of bottle + water (W4 g) at temperature Tx0 C
	Specific gravity G at  Tx0 C
	Average specific gravity at Tx0C

INTERPRETATION AND REPORTING

  Unless or otherwise specified specific gravity values reported shall be based on water at 27⁰C. So the specific gravity at 27⁰C = K�Sp. gravity at T_x⁰C.