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Hi sir, I am a intern student at AFCON. and also doing final year degree from Maharashtra.
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How to repair the damaged beams and walls in load-bearing construction as shown in the images below. As seen in the picture, the structure has been broken to make way for drain pipes.
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There are certain methods to remove the delaminated concrete, and then formwork is to be fixe. After that, the application of repair material like a dry pack, and wet pack, shotcrete, is carried out if reinforcement is not removed while fixing the pipe. You can try one other method also, by fixing pRead more
There are certain methods to remove the delaminated concrete, and then formwork is to be fixe. After that, the application of repair material like a dry pack, and wet pack, shotcrete, is carried out if reinforcement is not removed while fixing the pipe.
You can try one other method also, by fixing plate bonding in the beam on the bottom to enhance the flexural strength, you will have to rest the plate on the bricks, and for that, you will have to remove the top layer of the brick. You also may need to provide scaffolding if you are altering the load-bearing wall. As it is a load-bearing structure, if any alteration is done in the load-bearing wall, it should be done with the consultation of a structural engineer.
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How to calculate the quantity of water for a given mix concrete. As it would be required to calculate for mix 1:2:4.
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As we know 1:2:4 ratio is for M15 concrete. Generally Water quantity is calculated as per below formula: Water Quantity=W/C ratio*Cement Quantity Generally W/C ratio is lays between 0.4 to 0.6 as per IS 10262(2009). Now first we have to assume cement quantity, so let's assume cement quantity=50 KG aRead more
As we know 1:2:4 ratio is for M15 concrete. Generally Water quantity is calculated as per below formula:
Water Quantity=W/C ratio*Cement Quantity
Generally W/C ratio is lays between 0.4 to 0.6 as per IS 10262(2009).
Now first we have to assume cement quantity, so let’s assume cement quantity=50 KG and W/C ratio=0.5
Now let’s calculate water quantity for 50 KG cement.
Water Quantity=0.5*50=25 liter.
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Which is the code used for the design of the RCC Bridge?
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Indian standard IRC:112-2011 is used for the design of the RCC Bridge.
Indian standard IRC:112-2011 is used for the design of the RCC Bridge.
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What is the tolerance for compression test results of concrete, according to the standards?
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According to ACI 301-1.6.6 -“The strength of concrete is satisfactory provided that every average of three consecutive strength tests (sets) equals or exceeds the specified compressive strength and no strength test (set) falls below the design strength by more than 500 psi.
According to ACI 301-1.6.6 -“The strength of concrete is satisfactory provided that every average of three consecutive strength tests (sets) equals or exceeds the specified compressive strength and no strength test (set) falls below the design strength by more than 500 psi.
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What must be the maximum dry density of Granular Sub Base & Wet Mix Macadam used in Road Construction?
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The maximum dry density of  Granular Sub Base used in Road Construction must be 2100 Kg/Cum. The maximum dry density of Wet Mix Macadam used in Road Construction must be 2230 Kg/Cum.
The maximum dry density of  Granular Sub Base used in Road Construction must be 2100 Kg/Cum.
The maximum dry density of Wet Mix Macadam used in Road Construction must be 2230 Kg/Cum.
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In the absence of test data for calculating SBC of soil. What are the assumed safe bearing capacity values for different soils?
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The capacity of the soil to allow the loads coming from the foundation is called the bearing capacity of the soil. It is essential to know the bearing capacity of the soil before designing the foundation. Different field tests can determine it. However, standard safe bearing capacity values are avaiRead more
The capacity of the soil to allow the loads coming from the foundation is called the bearing capacity of the soil.
It is essential to know the bearing capacity of the soil before designing the foundation. Different field tests can determine it. However, standard safe bearing capacity values are available for different soil types, and these values can be assumed where test data is limited or speedy construction is required.
See lessS.No Type of Soil Safe Bearing Capacity ( kN/m2) Cohesive Soils 1. Soft shale, hard or stiff clay in a deep bed, dry state 440 2. Medium clay readily indented with a thumbnail 245 3. Moist clay and Sand clay mixture, which can be indented by thumb pressure 150 4. Black cotton soil/expansive clay ( 50% saturated) in the dry state 130 to 160 5. Soft clay indented with moderate thumb pressure 100 6. Very soft clay which can be penetrated with the thump up to few centimeters 50 Cohesionless Soil 7. Compact gravel/sand and gravel mixture with good resistance against penetration of tools 440 8. Compact and dry coarse sand 440 9. Compact and dry medium sand 245 10. Loose gravel or sandy gravel mixture, dry state 245 11. Fine sand and silt ( consists of dry lumps) 150 12. Loose and dry fine sand 100 Rocks 13. Hard rocks such as granite trap, diorite, etc. 3240 14. Laminated rocks such as sandstone, limestone, etc. 1620 15. Residual deposits of shattered and broken bedrock and hard shale cemented material 880 16. Soft rocks 440
What are the different types of handrails used in bridges?
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A bridge’s railing depends on various factors such as location, material, and purpose. The railing adds safety for pedestrians, aesthetics, and a custom touch to bridge construction. The different types of handrails used in bridges are: Steel Bridge Railing W-Beam Railing Concrete Bridge RailRead more
A bridge’s railing depends on various factors such as location, material, and purpose. The railing adds safety for pedestrians, aesthetics, and a custom touch to bridge construction.
The different types of handrails used in bridges are:
- Steel Bridge Railing
- W-Beam Railing
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Concrete Bridge Railing
What is the fineness range of cement?
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As per Indian Standard, the cement particle more than 10% shall not retain on the sieve (90 µm). The detailed test to determine the fineness of cement is given in the article linked below- Fineness Modulus of Cement by Dry Sieving
As per Indian Standard, the cement particle more than 10% shall not retain on the sieve (90 µm).
The detailed test to determine the fineness of cement is given in the article linked below-
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Fineness Modulus of Cement by Dry Sieving
Is there are physical or mathematical explanation to prove that the English bond is much stronger than the Flemish bond?
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English bond and Flemish bond are the two most common brick masonry patterns used in wall construction. A brick construction pattern with alternate courses of brick laid as stretchers and headers forms an English bond. A flemish bond is a brick construction pattern that consists of alternate stretchRead more
English bond and Flemish bond are the two most common brick masonry patterns used in wall construction.
A brick construction pattern with alternate courses of brick laid as stretchers and headers forms an English bond.
A flemish bond is a brick construction pattern that consists of alternate stretchers and headers for each course.
Detailed features of English and Flemish bonds along with their difference are explained in the article link given below-
English Bond and Flemish Bond – Features & Difference
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How to conduct acid-resistant tests on bricks?
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The tests conducted for acid-resistant bricks are: Water absorption Flexural strength Compressive strength Acid resistance To know more about acid-resistant brick and the detailed test procedure, read the article given below- Acid-Resistant Bricks: Properties, Types, Tests, and Advantages
The tests conducted for acid-resistant bricks are:
- Water absorption
- Flexural strength
- Compressive strength
- Acid resistance
To know more about acid-resistant brick and the detailed test procedure, read the article given below-
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Acid-Resistant Bricks: Properties, Types, Tests, and Advantages
Hi,sir. I am a civil engineering student from Maharashtra . I done many online course from iit through NPTEL . I also done AutoCAD ,staad.pro,blender. I got idea of this website from my IIT lecturer.
Hi,sir.
I am a civil engineering student from Maharashtra . I done many online course from iit through NPTEL .
I also done AutoCAD ,staad.pro,blender.
I got idea of this website from my IIT lecturer.
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