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Asked: July 29, 2020In: Concrete

What is the significance of Fineness of Cement?

Tips_and_tricks
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What is the significance of Fineness of Cement?

  1. aviratdhodare

    aviratdhodare

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    Added an answer on January 4, 2021 at 9:22 am
    This answer was edited.

    The fineness of cement is a measure of the size of particles of cement and is expressed in terms of the specific surface area of cement. The fineness of cement is measured as the % weight retained on a 90µm IS sieve over the total weight of the sample. In the laboratory, the fineness of cement is teRead more

    The fineness of cement is a measure of the size of particles of cement and is expressed in terms of the specific surface area of cement. The fineness of cement is measured as the % weight retained on a 90µm IS sieve over the total weight of the sample. In the laboratory, the fineness of cement is tested by sieving and by the determination of a specific surface. For ordinary cement, the weight of residue left on the sieve shall not exceed 10%. The fineness of cement is the significant factor affecting the rate of hydration, rate of gain of strength, setting time, and rate of evolution of heat. The rate of strength development increases with fineness. Since the specific surface area is inversely proportional to the size of the particle, the surface area is more for finer cement than for a coarser cement. Therefore, the finer the cement, the higher the surface area for hydration and hence faster the development of strength.

    Smaller cement particles react much quicker than the larger particles. A cement particle with a diameter of 1 µm will react entirely in 1 day, whereas the particle with a diameter of 10µm takes about 1 month. It is found that the particle size fraction below 3 microns affects one day’s strength and 3 to 25-micron fraction influence the 28 days’ strength. Setting time decreases with an increase in the fineness of the cement. Too much smaller particles in cement results in quick setting, thereby leaving no time for mixing, handling, and placing. Also, such cement is susceptible to air set and early deterioration. To increase the setting time of cement, it must be manufactured in a different range of particle sizes.


    Please upvote if this information is useful!

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Asked: July 16, 2020In: Interview Questions

What is full form of SP in Indian standard code?

vivek gami
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What is full form of SP in Indian standard code?

  1. AdityaBhandakkar

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    Added an answer on October 7, 2020 at 8:37 pm
    This answer was edited.

    hi, SP - Special Publication According to BIS, it is a special piblication of IS(Indian Standard). IS :456:2000 (PRACTICE CODE FOR PLAIN AND REINFORCED) SP-34 (HANDBOOK ON CONCRETE AND REINFORCEMENT DETAILING)  

    hi, SP – Special Publication According to BIS, it is a special piblication of IS(Indian Standard).

    1. IS :456:2000 (PRACTICE CODE FOR PLAIN AND REINFORCED)
    2. SP-34 (HANDBOOK ON CONCRETE AND REINFORCEMENT DETAILING)

     

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Asked: April 11, 2020In: Concrete

How to Repair Damaged Beams and Walls in Load Bearing Construction?

Gopal Mishra
Gopal Mishra

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How to repair the damaged beams and walls in load-bearing construction as shown in the images below. As seen in the picture, the structure has been broken to make way for drain pipes.

  1. poojan

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    Added an answer on May 15, 2020 at 1:17 am

    There are certain methods to remove the delaminated concrete, and then formwork is to be fixe. After that, the application of repair material like a dry pack, and wet pack, shotcrete, is carried out if reinforcement is not removed while fixing the pipe. You can try one other method also, by fixing pRead more

    There are certain methods to remove the delaminated concrete, and then formwork is to be fixe. After that, the application of repair material like a dry pack, and wet pack, shotcrete, is carried out if reinforcement is not removed while fixing the pipe.

    You can try one other method also, by fixing plate bonding in the beam on the bottom to enhance the flexural strength, you will have to rest the plate on the bricks, and for that, you will have to remove the top layer of the brick. You also may need to provide scaffolding if you are altering the load-bearing wall. As it is a load-bearing structure, if any alteration is done in the load-bearing wall, it should be done with the consultation of a structural engineer.

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Asked: July 27, 2020In: Structural Engineering

What are the reasons of Building Collapse?

Preet Chovatiya
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What are the reasons of Building Collapse?

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

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    Added an answer on November 20, 2020 at 3:53 pm
    This answer was edited.

    I will provide you a list which causes the building to collapse. Defective building design Faulty construction & More extra loads Failure of foundation Unexpected failure mode Soil liquefaction Demolition through explosives Earthquake Tsunami Typhoon and winds with high speed. Landslides or settRead more

    I will provide you a list which causes the building to collapse.

    1. Defective building design
    2. Faulty construction & More extra loads
    3. Failure of foundation
    4. Unexpected failure mode
    5. Soil liquefaction
    6. Demolition through explosives
    7. Earthquake
    8. Tsunami
    9. Typhoon and winds with high speed.
    10. Landslides or settlement of Sub-base soil due to over drainage.
    11. Soil with less bearing capacity.
    12. Errors in structural design.
    13. Inferior quality of cement and integrants is used.
    14. Use after the expiry of the life of buildings.
    15. Maintenance not done properly.
    16. Proper Foundation not provided.
    17. Less amount of reinforcement provided.
    18. Reinforcement corroded.

      Thank You.

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Asked: September 9, 2020In: Construction

Why are Chrome Corundum Bricks Red in Color?

aviratdhodare
aviratdhodare

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Why are Chrome Corundum Bricks Red?

  1. AdityaBhandakkar

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    Added an answer on September 22, 2020 at 1:43 pm
    Why are Chrome Corundum Bricks Red in Color?

    Hi, I added some technical points about Chrome corundum bricks It is a new excellent grade refractory materials with a very high-temperature performance with strong corrosion resistance and high strength which is made up of chromium oxide and for corundum as a raw material which is mixed with some oRead more

    Hi,

    I added some technical points about Chrome corundum bricks

    • It is a new excellent grade refractory materials with a very high-temperature performance with strong corrosion resistance and high strength which is made up of chromium oxide and for corundum as a raw material which is mixed with some other additives.

    Chemical composition:

    Al2O3 —.   >92

    CaO.        <1.2

    SiO.          <1.0

    Fe2O3.     <0.3

    Cr2O7.     >3

    ZrO2.        >3

    Properties:

    Cold crushing strength >180 MPa

    porosity.        >15%

    Bulk density. > 3.25 g/cm^3

    Modulus of rupture. > 9.5 MPa

    Applications:

    1. It is fire-resistant properties
    2. Strength in the range between 70 to 100 MPa.
    3. High resistance against thermal shocks
    4. Resistance against slag erosion
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Asked: August 2, 2020In: Interview Questions

What is the best solution for replacing existing lights in order to improve the lighting efficiency of a highway?

aviratdhodare
aviratdhodare

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What is the best solution for replacing existing lights in order to improve the lighting efficiency of a highway?

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

    Komal Bhandakkar

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    Added an answer on November 20, 2020 at 1:56 pm
    This answer was edited.

    Using the following ways, Usage of maximum energy-efficient lighting Usage of a smarter lighting system. Sodium lamp replaced by LED's in a first way Use artificial light as per requirement in the second way Thanks.

    Using the following ways,

    1. Usage of maximum energy-efficient lighting
    2. Usage of a smarter lighting system.

    1. Sodium lamp replaced by LED’s in a first way
    2. Use artificial light as per requirement in the second way

    Thanks.

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Asked: June 29, 2020In: Construction

What is the role of Direct Cost and Indirect Cost in a Budget?

Manasa Kitti
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What is the role of direct cost and indirect cost in a budget?

  1. AdityaBhandakkar

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    Added an answer on October 13, 2020 at 9:25 pm

    Hi Manasa, Welcome to Theconstructor.org This is a detailed answer on Direct and Indirect Expense/cost is described Expenses are amounts paid for goods or services purchased. They can either be directly or indirectly related to the core business operations. Type of cost and Timing at which it is incRead more

    Hi Manasa,

    Welcome to Theconstructor.org

    This is a detailed answer on Direct and Indirect Expense/cost is described

    Expenses are amounts paid for goods or services purchased. They can either be directly or indirectly related to the core business operations. Type of cost and Timing at which it is incurred by the business frames the critical points of difference between direct and indirect expenses.

    Examples of direct and indirect expenses – Rent, light, salaries, wages, sales, etc. Direct and indirect costs are defined and differentiated as follows;

    Direct Expenses

    Direct,” as the word suggests, are those expenses that are entirely related and assigned to the core business operations of a company. They are mainly related to purchases and production of goods/services. Direct expenses are a part of the prime cost or the cost of goods sold by a company.

    Direct expenses are directly related to the production of the product sold or service rendered. They may differ for different companies, such as manufacturing companies, construction companies, service companies, etc.

    Direct expenses are shown on the debit side of a trading account.

    Examples of Direct Expenses

    · Wages

    · Factory rent

    · Cost of raw material

    · Premises renting

    · Fuel

    · Carriage inwards

    Indirect Expenses

    Unlike direct, indirect expenses are not directly related and assigned to the core business operations. Indirect expenses are necessary to keep the business up and running, but they can’t be directly related to the core revenue-generating products or services’ cost.

    Just like direct expenses, indirect expenses can also be different for different types of organizations. These are usually shared costs among different departments/segments within the firm.

    Indirect expenses are shown on the debit side of an income statement.

    Examples of Indirect Expenses

    · Salaries

    · Telephone bills

    · Printing & stationery

    · Legal & Accounting charges

    · Carriage outwards

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Asked: July 23, 2020In: Construction

Which size of aggregate used in RCC structure?

Vivek Patel
Vivek Patel

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Which size of aggregate used in RCC structure?

  1. nikeetasharma

    nikeetasharma

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    Added an answer on October 1, 2020 at 8:18 pm

    Generally the most appropriate size of aggregate used in RCC structure is 20mm. It gives more strength to the structure.

    Generally the most appropriate size of aggregate used in RCC structure is 20mm. It gives more strength to the structure.

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