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Asked: June 8, 2020In: Construction Site Related

What Type of Reinforcement is used in Prestressing Concrete?

Preet Chovatiya
Preet Chovatiya

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What type of reinforcement used in prestressing concrete? Is it either the standard reinforcement used in conventional RCC structure, or is there any particular type or category of reinforcement for prestressing?

  1. Neenu S K

    Neenu S K

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    Neenu S K
    Added an answer on June 9, 2020 at 8:02 am

    Hi, The prestressing steel used for prestressed concrete can take the form of Tendons Cables Wires – (Plain wire and Indented Wire) Strands –(Two-wire, three-wire and seven-wire strand) Bars The types of prestressing steel are: Cold Worked Prestressing steel Stress-relieving prestressing steel StraiRead more

    Hi,

    The prestressing steel used for prestressed concrete can take the form of

    1. Tendons
    2. Cables
    3. Wires – (Plain wire and Indented Wire)
    4. Strands –(Two-wire, three-wire and seven-wire strand)
    5. Bars

    The types of prestressing steel are:

    1. Cold Worked Prestressing steel
    2. Stress-relieving prestressing steel
    3. Strain tempered Prestressing steel

    Read More: Specifications of Prestressing Steel in Prestressed Concrete

    Difference between Reinforcing Steel and Prestressing Steel

    Both R.C.C and Prestressed Concrete employs steel bars or wires in order to sustain tension. But both the types of concrete make use of different steel.

    The steel used by R.C.C concrete can be:

    1. Solid Bars with Ribs
    2. Wires
    3. Metal Mesh

    The steel used in Prestressed Concrete are wires, strands, solid bars as mentioned above. Prestressed concrete uses high tensile strength steel that is manufactured by increasing the carbon content in steel compared to ordinary mild steel used in R.C.C.

    In prestressed concrete, the steel used is tensioned or prestressed. This results in loss of prestress in a range of about 20%. The use of mild steel bars or HYSD bars bring a greater loss than this value. Hence, it is necessary to have high strength tensile bars for prestressed concrete.

    Also Read: What is Steel Reinforcement? Types and Properties of Steel Reinforcement?

    Regards

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Asked: July 15, 2020In: Construction

Why is Traverse Surveying used in Road Projects?

fathima
fathima

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Why is Traverse Surveying used in Road Projects?

  1. nikeetasharma

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    Added an answer on November 12, 2020 at 8:56 pm

    Traverse surveying is a method to establish control networks. Traverse networks involve placing survey stations along a line or path of travel, and then using the previously surveyed points as a base for observing the next point. There are two types of traverse surveying , they are: 1. Closed traverRead more

    Traverse surveying is a method to establish control networks. Traverse networks involve placing survey stations along a line or path of travel, and then using the previously surveyed points as a base for observing the next point.

    There are two types of traverse surveying , they are:

    1. Closed traverse: When the lines form a circuit that ends at the starting point, it is known as a closed traverse.

    2. Open traverse: When the lines form a circuit ends elsewhere except the starting point, it is said to be an open traverse.

    So, for the construction of road projects open traverse is used because in this we can extend roads for infinite distances.

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Asked: July 20, 2020In: Environmental Engineering

What is Particulate Matter 10 (PM 10) in Air?

DHEERAJ NAKRA
DHEERAJ NAKRA

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What is Particulate Matter 10 (PM 10) in Air? How is it Measured?

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

    Komal Bhandakkar

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    Added an answer on October 19, 2020 at 8:50 pm
    This answer was edited.
    What is Particulate Matter 10 (PM 10) in Air?

    Particulate matter 10 in the air: Meaning of particulate matter 10: Particulate matter 10 is very small particles found in dust and smoke. They have a diameter of 10 micrometre Particulate matter 10 articles are a common air pollutant. We can measure particulate matter attained at some of our air moRead more

    Particulate matter 10 in the air:


    Meaning of particulate matter 10:

    • Particulate matter 10 is very small particles found in dust and smoke.

    • They have a diameter of 10 micrometre

    • Particulate matter 10 articles are a common air pollutant.

    • We can measure particulate matter attained at some of our air monitoring sites.

    Health effect of particulate matter 10:

    • These particles are small enough to get into your throat and lungs.
    • High levels of particulate matter 10 can make you cough, your nose run and eyes sting.
    • People with heart or lung conditions might have more symptoms when particulate matter 10 levels are high.
    • Symptoms can include in chest tightness or difficulty in breathing.

    I hope so my answer will give you more information about particulate matter 10 particles. Thank you.

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Asked: August 9, 2020In: Construction Site Related

How to Check the Strength of the Brick at Site?

aviratdhodare
aviratdhodare

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How to Check the Strength of the Brick at Site?

  1. AdityaBhandakkar

    AdityaBhandakkar

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    Added an answer on August 10, 2020 at 8:50 pm

    This is a common building construction material. Nowadays concrete bricks are taking the place of traditional bricks. Traditional bricks are used for two types of walls. The testing of brick is the same for its uses in any type of wall. Partition wall Load-bearing wall Following are the site tests tRead more

    This is a common building construction material. Nowadays concrete bricks are taking the place of traditional bricks.

    Traditional bricks are used for two types of walls. The testing of brick is the same for its uses in any type of wall.

    1. Partition wall
    2. Load-bearing wall

    Following are the site tests to check the good quality of bricks:

    1. Edges of bricks should be sharp and the surface should be scratch resistant.
    2. All the bricks are of the same size
    3. Bricks must have a size of standard brick i.e 19 cm X 9 CM x 9 CM. To check the length breadth and height take randomly 20 bricks and observe its edges.
    4. A good brick should have a bright and uniform color.
    5. soundness test on brick: select 2 random bricks and stuck with each other so that the clear and ringing bell sound must be produced. It indicates a good and strong brick.
    6. Structure and material of bricks: select any randomly break and crack it from the middle then observe the inner portion. It must be free from any type of lumps and materials compacted homogeneously.
    7. Efflorescence test: Bricks must be free from any types of salts. Take a brick and placed it in water for 24 hours. Take the brick out and dry it in a shade. After some time of drying if any white substance produced on the brick it indicates the amount of salt present inside bricks. This type of bricks must be avoided for construction
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Asked: September 22, 2020In: Environmental Engineering

Give a brief explanation about BOD method.

nikeetasharma
nikeetasharma

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explain the process of conducting BOD test in laboratory.

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

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    Added an answer on October 19, 2020 at 10:06 pm
    This answer was edited.
    Give a brief explanation about BOD method.

    Biological oxygen demand(BOD): Biological oxygen demand is one of the clinical procedures which is used to determine the amount of dissolved oxygen which is needed by aerobic biological organisms in a body of water to director organic material is present in given water samples and certain temperaturRead more

    Biological oxygen demand(BOD):

    Biological oxygen demand is one of the clinical procedures which is used to determine the amount of dissolved oxygen which is needed by aerobic biological organisms in a body of water to director organic material is present in given water samples and certain temperature for a specific period.


    Biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand are different processes.


    To assess the quantity of surface water for the biological oxygen demand test and other purposes then it is important to understand the characteristics of dissolved oxygen content in water and wastewater.


    Thank you

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Asked: September 29, 2020In: Construction Site Related

What is Reinforced Soil?

nikeetasharma
nikeetasharma

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What is Reinforced Soil? State it’s advantages and disadvantages?

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

    Komal Bhandakkar

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    Added an answer on November 17, 2020 at 5:52 pm
    This answer was edited.

    Reinforced soil: Meaning of Reinforced soil: Reinforced soil is simply a combination of compacted earth fill with the tensile reinforcement for creating an earth structure.  Advantages of reinforced soil: Less quantity of earth fill is required. The construction can be directly done on the soft grouRead more

    Reinforced soil:

    Meaning of Reinforced soil: Reinforced soil is simply a combination of compacted earth fill with the tensile reinforcement for creating an earth structure. 


    Advantages of reinforced soil:

    1. Less quantity of earth fill is required.

    2. The construction can be directly done on the soft ground.

    3. The structures can be quickly built as compared to any other conventional methods.

     Limitations of reinforced soil:

    • One of the biggest doubts about reinforcing soil is its durability.

    Thank You.

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Asked: June 29, 2020In: Geotechnical Engineering

What is Tacheometry?

RaghavArora
RaghavArora

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What is a tachometry? What is it’s used in civil engineering projects?

  1. Soumyadeep Halder

    Soumyadeep Halder

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    Added an answer on June 30, 2020 at 6:46 pm

    ans- defination Tacheometric is a branch of surveying in which horizontal and vertical distances are determined by taking angular observation with an instrument known as a tachometer. Tacheometric surveying is adopted in rough in rough and difficult terrain where direct levelling and chaining are eiRead more

    ans- defination

    Tacheometric is a branch of surveying in which horizontal and vertical distances are
    determined by taking angular observation with an instrument known as a tachometer.
    Tacheometric surveying is adopted in rough in rough and difficult terrain where direct levelling
    and chaining are either not possible or very tedious.
    Tacheometric survey also can be used for Railways, Roadways, and reservoirs etc.
    Tacheometric surveying is very rapid, and a reasonable contour map can be prepared for
    investigation works within a short time on the basis of such survey.
    An ordinary transits theodolite fitted with a stadia diaphragm is generally used for tacheometric
    surveying.

    Uses of Tachometry in civil engineering
    Tachometry is used for preparation of topographic map where both horizontal and vertical
    distances are required to be measured; survey work in difficult terrain where direct methods of
    measurements are inconvenient; reconnaissance survey for highways and railways etc.;
    Establishment of secondary control points.

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Asked: July 7, 2020In: Construction

Which are the materials used for making scaffolding?

Wellcaffolding
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Which are the materials used for making scaffolding? and which one is better?

  1. aviratdhodare

    aviratdhodare

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    aviratdhodare
    Added an answer on September 10, 2020 at 11:59 pm

    Plywood with wooden Doca H beams. Steel plates Aluform which uses aluminium frames and various nut assemblies For underground works, PECAFORM. For various assemblies like U Jack, tie rod, tie nuts, scaffoldings, stair tower aluminium and steel is used depending on requirement. Where strength is mainRead more

    1. Plywood with wooden Doca H beams.
    2. Steel plates
    3. Aluform which uses aluminium frames and various nut assemblies
    4. For underground works, PECAFORM.
    5. For various assemblies like U Jack, tie rod, tie nuts, scaffoldings, stair tower aluminium and steel is used depending on requirement. Where strength is main priority steel is used and in case of lightweight assembly like scaffoldings for work platforms, aluminium can be used.

    Generally,

    1. Wooden Planks And Plates.
    2. Playboards
    3. Steel Sheets, Make sure it is mild
    4. GI or corrugated sheets
    5. Require Scaffolding of wooden ballies
    6. Scaffolding of Metal Frames
    7. Scaffolding of Bamboos
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