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mekilee
mekilee

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I want to learn which materials are generally used in sustainable concrete and why.

  1. AdityaBhandakkar

    AdityaBhandakkar

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    This answer was edited.

    Hi, This is one of the most important topics of today's construction. To make construction sustainable and durable is the need for the present scenario. yes, there are some of the original techniques such as manufacturing of concrete with recycled rubber tyre, using a recycled mud from a treatment sRead more

    Hi,

    This is one of the most important topics of today’s construction. To make construction sustainable and durable is the need for the present scenario. yes, there are some of the original techniques such as manufacturing of concrete with recycled rubber tyre, using a recycled mud from a treatment sewage plant for making bricks, mixing of sand dust(generated from sawmills, pruning etc), making of bricks from sand dust, uses of vegetable fibres example Bamboo, coconut that can be mixed with cement and it also works as a strengthening agent and insulators.

    1. Timber is a material that has the lowest mental impact from its production process and life cycle.

    To achieve a sustainable construction we must have to put an end to close bad long-lasting habits of squandering natural resources.

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    • 38
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Naveen
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Please give the complete details about mixing of geopolymer concrete

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

    Komal Bhandakkar

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    This answer was edited.

    Geopolymer concrete: Actually, the geopolymer gel forms the C-S-H gel in concrete cement. C-S-H stands for calcium silicate hydrate gel, it is formed when water is added to the cement and hydration process will take place. The response period is very quick and the river relieving period should be inRead more

    Geopolymer concrete:

    Actually, the geopolymer gel forms the C-S-H gel in concrete cement. C-S-H stands for calcium silicate hydrate gel, it is formed when water is added to the cement and hydration process will take place.

    The response period is very quick and the river relieving period should be in between 24 to 48 hours.

    Geopolymer concrete is manufactured with the help of waste material like fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag.

    First, we have to process the fly ash as well as ground granulated blast furnace slag before its actual use to make polymer concrete.

    Thank you.

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Tips_and_tricks
Tips_and_tricks

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What are the Types of Mineral Admixtures in Cement?

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

    Komal Bhandakkar

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    This answer was edited.

    First, let me clear this one of the basic concepts that when we use any extra ingredient besides the ingredient of concrete for improving its some property, it is known as an admixture. When we use any extra ingredient in cement to improve some cement property, it is called an additive. Important: ARead more

    First, let me clear this one of the basic concepts that when we use any extra ingredient besides the ingredient of concrete for improving its some property, it is known as an admixture.

    When we use any extra ingredient in cement to improve some cement property, it is called an additive.

    Important: Additives are added to the cement and not the admixture.

    Thank You.

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Nigel
Nigel

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During heavy downpour, the soil beneath the driveway keeps chipping away. Please can someone advise a cheaper solution to this?

  1. AdityaBhandakkar

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    Hi Nigel, Welcome to theconstructor.org . I understand your requirements. Scoring is defined as a process due to which the soil or rock particles around the abutments periphery or periphery of the pier of the highway bridges spanning are gets corroded and removed up to a certain depth which is calleRead more

    Hi Nigel,

    Welcome to theconstructor.org . I understand your requirements.

    • Scoring is defined as a process due to which the soil or rock particles around the abutments periphery or periphery of the pier of the highway bridges spanning are gets corroded and removed up to a certain depth which is called scour depth. Scoring can easily be observed.
    • Scoring is not the term related to pavement and concrete.
    • To avoid the removal of subgrade below the concrete for bituminous pavement is shoulders must be provided. Also, the embankment must be provided with proper slope and suitable method of stiffening and compacting should be adopted.

    The most economical method of compacting is uses of bamboos and root fibres in the soil which makes it steep compact and highly tensile resistant.

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    • 33
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amr soliman
amr soliman

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What is CC or Concrete Cloth?

  1. nikeetasharma

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    Concrete cloth is a unique proprietary material. It has a very wide range of applications throughout the building and civil engineering industry. CC is a flexible; cement impregnated fabric that hardens when hydrated to form a thin, durable, water and fire proof concrete layer. CC allows concrete coRead more

    Concrete cloth is a unique proprietary material. It has a very wide range of applications throughout the building and civil engineering industry. CC is a flexible; cement impregnated fabric that hardens when hydrated to form a thin, durable, water and fire proof concrete layer. CC allows concrete construction without the need for plant or mixing equipment. It has a designed life of 10 years. It is significantly quicker and less expensive to install.

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vivek gami
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What is bacterial concrete? Which are the area of application of bacterial concrete?  

  1. nikeetasharma

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    The principle of bacteria based self healing concrete is that carbonate precipitating bacteria are added into the concrete during the mixing process. When cracking occurs, the bacteria will be activated to precipitate CaCO3 to in-situ heal concrete cracks. Bacillus Megaterium bacteria were used in cRead more

    The principle of bacteria based self healing concrete is that carbonate precipitating bacteria are added into the concrete during the mixing process. When cracking occurs, the bacteria will be activated to precipitate CaCO3 to in-situ heal concrete cracks.

    Bacillus Megaterium bacteria were used in concrete and results shows 24% increase in compressive strength. The deposition of calcium carbonate in concrete by Bacillus Sphaericus improves the durability of concrete.

    Therefore, bacterial concrete is a product that will biologically produce limestone to heal cracks that appear on the surface of concrete structures.

    These self healing agents can lie dormant with in the concrete for up to 200 years.

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Asked: In:
Komal Bhandakkar
Komal Bhandakkar

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Accelerator means what ? Retarder means what ? Why gypsum is used in cement ?

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

    Komal Bhandakkar

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    Gypsum: It acts as a retarding agent in cement, which prevents the flash setting of cement. It has another advantage that it is fire resistant also. It also influences the strength, strength development, and volume stability of cement. It simply means that the addition of gypsum in cement not only iRead more

    Gypsum:

    • It acts as a retarding agent in cement, which prevents the flash setting of cement.
    • It has another advantage that it is fire resistant also.
    • It also influences the strength, strength development, and volume stability of cement. It simply means that the addition of gypsum in cement not only influences its setting time property but other properties as well.

    Thank You.

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Raghvendra_Rai
Raghvendra_Rai

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Why shrinkage is more in the Singly Reinforced section as compare to doubly Reinforced Section in RCC? Please give a detailed reason for what happens due to the uneven Distribution of Steel bars in the RCC section.

  1. aviratdhodare

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    Analyzing the problem from a theoretical point of view, “Shrinkage” essentially means that the concrete is trying to shrink which is on account of the chemical interaction between various constituents of concrete like cement, water and aggregates. Now providing reinforcement steel in a way holds theRead more

    Analyzing the problem from a theoretical point of view, “Shrinkage” essentially means that the concrete is trying to shrink which is on account of the chemical interaction between various constituents of concrete like cement, water and aggregates. Now providing reinforcement steel in a way holds the concrete together by way of restraining it and hence reduces the shrinkage.

    Also, Shrinkage and temperature cracks have reasonably comparable behaviour.

    Let us take a formula based approach to understand the relationship between shrinkage or temperature or shrinkage cracks and the reinforcement provided.

    As per Cl. A-1.4, IS 3370 Part-II,

    Smax = (Fct/Fb) x D / (2 x SR)

    And

    Wmax = Smax x Alpha x (T1+T2) x 0.5

    Wmax is the crack width, which is quantity of interest here

    From the above, we can deduce that all other variables being made constant valued,

    Wmax is directly proportional to Smax.

    Smax is inversely proportional to SR

    It implies Wmax is inversely proportional to SR

    So, if we want lesser shrinkage/temperature cracks, we have to increase this variable SR.

    Now, this SR = Steel ratio = Percentage of steel provided / 100

    Therefore, it is clear that, if we provide greater reinforcement, SR increases, Smax increases and Wmax decreases.

    Since singly reinforced section has less reinforcement steel than a doubly reinforced section, shrinkage/temperature cracking is more in a singly reinforced section.

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