Geotechnical Engineering
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Which type of soil is present in desert?
DevilAVRT
Most desert soils are called Aridisols (dry soil). However, in really dry regions of the Sahara and Australian outback, the soil orders are called Entisols. Entisols are new soils, like sand dunes, which are too dry for any major soil horizon development. Most desert soils are called Aridisols (dryRead more
Most desert soils are called Aridisols (dry soil). However, in really dry regions of the Sahara and Australian outback, the soil orders are called Entisols. Entisols are new soils, like sand dunes, which are too dry for any major soil horizon development.
Most desert soils are called Aridisols (dry soil).
- Desert soils, or Aridisols, occupy the third-largest land area on the Earth
- Desert soils often are used for wildlife and recreation
- Desert soils can be used for crop production, if irrigation is available.
See lessWhat is Supersaturated in Soil?
fathima
when the soil reaches maximum water content is saturated soil. then add more water to saturated soil it will either drain down or turn the soil into the mud. when the water content greater than the shrinkage limit then the soil is supersaturated soil
when the soil reaches maximum water content is saturated soil. then add more water to saturated soil it will either drain down or turn the soil into the mud. when the water content greater than the shrinkage limit then the soil is supersaturated soil
See lessIn which type of soil ‘Floating foundation’ can be used?
Preet Chovatiya
As per my experience I would suggest you to use floating foundation in the following situation. 1. When shear strength of soil is more and having a problem of large displacement or settlement then we can use floating foundation for reduction in settlement or displacement.
As per my experience I would suggest you to use floating foundation in the following situation.
1. When shear strength of soil is more and having a problem of large displacement or settlement then we can use floating foundation for reduction in settlement or displacement.
See lessWhat is the purpose of applying a Geo Textile layer in ground improvement techniques?
Kuldeep Singh
Geotextile layers are a very comprehensive means of soil stabilization through reinforcement. The primary purpose is to provide tensile reinforcement just like steel does for concrete, so as to create a confining pressure in the soil to prevent slippage, caving, or any kind of soil deformation. OtheRead more
Geotextile layers are a very comprehensive means of soil stabilization through reinforcement.
The primary purpose is to provide tensile reinforcement just like steel does for concrete, so as to create a confining pressure in the soil to prevent slippage, caving, or any kind of soil deformation. Other than that, geotextiles can help achieve higher grades of compaction, easier and steeper slope stabilization, and check erosion.
The mechanism is fairly similar to that of steel reinforcement in concrete. The geotextile layers are fairly good in resisting tension, and there is a great deal of friction between the soil and the geotextile. When soil is loaded vertically, it tends to bulge horizontally, but there exists a counteracting shear stress creating a reverse confining pressure in the soil and preventing deformations.
Other than the above, geotextile layers have also been used to replace inclined retaining walls partially, subgrade stabilization and base reinforcement in roads, maintaining railway trackbed levels and geometry, preventing rainfall erosion isolation of base and subgrade of sports pitches and even reinforcement of retaining walls.
See lessWhat is Tacheometry?
Soumyadeep Halder
ans- defination Tacheometric is a branch of surveying in which horizontal and vertical distances are determined by taking angular observation with an instrument known as a tachometer. Tacheometric surveying is adopted in rough in rough and difficult terrain where direct levelling and chaining are eiRead more
ans- defination
Tacheometric is a branch of surveying in which horizontal and vertical distances are
determined by taking angular observation with an instrument known as a tachometer.
Tacheometric surveying is adopted in rough in rough and difficult terrain where direct levelling
and chaining are either not possible or very tedious.
Tacheometric survey also can be used for Railways, Roadways, and reservoirs etc.
Tacheometric surveying is very rapid, and a reasonable contour map can be prepared for
investigation works within a short time on the basis of such survey.
An ordinary transits theodolite fitted with a stadia diaphragm is generally used for tacheometric
surveying.
Uses of Tachometry in civil engineering
See lessTachometry is used for preparation of topographic map where both horizontal and vertical
distances are required to be measured; survey work in difficult terrain where direct methods of
measurements are inconvenient; reconnaissance survey for highways and railways etc.;
Establishment of secondary control points.
What is Submerged Density and Degree of Shrinkage?
Kuldeep Singh
Submerged density or bouyant density is the density of a mass of soil as observed under water in a saturated condition of course. Suppose you are calculating the density when the soil mass and you yourself are submerged. It is calculated as the difference of the soil density in air and the density oRead more
Submerged density or bouyant density is the density of a mass of soil as observed under water in a saturated condition of course. Suppose you are calculating the density when the soil mass and you yourself are submerged. It is calculated as the difference of the soil density in air and the density of water, divided by the density of water.
SD = (density of soil – density of water) / density of water
or
SD = density of soil in air – 1
It is also defined as the mass of soil minus the mass of water displaced by it upon submergence, divided by the volume.
This concept is particularly useful in determining the bouyancy of submerged soils and is crucial in equations of sediment transport in rivers. If the bouyant density equals 1, the soil just floats. If it gets negative, soil will rise in water.
Degree of shrinkage is another concept. It is the amount of water content reduction needed to bring the soil to its shrinkage limit, expressed as percent of the original water content.
See lessWhat is Braced Excavation?
Kuldeep Singh
Braced excavation is a method where deep excavations with straight vertical faces are laterally supported by a sheeting and bracing system until the structure is built. In deep excavations creating a safe slope on the excavation face just for safety is generally not feasible due to high cost, inabunRead more
Braced excavation is a method where deep excavations with straight vertical faces are laterally supported by a sheeting and bracing system until the structure is built.
In deep excavations creating a safe slope on the excavation face just for safety is generally not feasible due to high cost, inabundance of space and other structures present nearby. So, the excavation is temperorly supported by sheets/walls and struts, which are removed individually when their requirements cease. Relatively flexible sheets/walls are placed against excavation walls and supported by horizontal struts which in turn resist the earth pressure in compression.
Some methods are vertical timber sheeting, shoring, steel sheet piling, soldier beams and also tiebacks.
These structures might not be removed later but they may or may structurallynot be structurally important apart from offering temperorly lateral support. For example, tie backs support excavations and also replace permanent retaining walls.
See lessWhat is the size of the gravel which is used in pavements for Granular base?
HMNZ 1010
This question actually needs very long & detailed answer,It can not be answered in 2 lines.However,Let me summarize this as possible. The flexible pavement contains 4 main pavement layers that are as following Sub-grade(Natural soil) , Sub-base , base & Surface Course. The surface course coRead more
This question actually needs very long & detailed answer,It can not be answered in 2 lines.However,Let me summarize this as possible.
- The flexible pavement contains 4 main pavement layers that are as following Sub-grade(Natural soil) , Sub-base , base & Surface Course.
- The surface course contains 4 layers as well that are as following Prime Coat , Binder Course , Tack Coat & Wearing Surface.
- The Binder Course & Wearing Course contains the Following (Coarse aggregate + Fine aggregate + mineral filler + Asphalt)
- Size & Gradation of aggregate(Coarse & fine) shall be as following as per AASHTO …> Coarse aggregate (Retained on Sieves#4 , 8 & 10) …> and the fine aggregate (Passing from Sieves#4 , 8 & 10) …> Mineral filler (at least 70% pass from sieve#200)
- Regarding the Subgrade soil shall be Fine or Coarse aggregate and the soil shall have group index less than 4 to be suitable for use as per AASHTO
- Group index equation as following (G.I=0.2*a + 0.005*a*c + 0.01*b*d)
See less