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Asked: October 17, 2017In: Construction Site Related

How to Check and Maintain Slopes of Pipes and Drains at Construction Sites?

Gopal Mishra
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How the slope system in pipes and drains works and how to check and maintain the same at construction sites? What are the methods for the same? What is the mean of 1:4 slope for pipes and drains?

  1. Gopal Mishra

    Gopal Mishra

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    Added an answer on October 17, 2017 at 7:23 pm

    Slopes in pipes and drains are decided by quantity of water or wastewater to be transported through it by the action of gravity in cumecs. Following things influence the slopes of drains and pipes: 1. Quantity of water to be transported 2. Size or diameter of the pipe 3. Distance the water to be carRead more

    Slopes in pipes and drains are decided by quantity of water or wastewater to be transported through it by the action of gravity in cumecs. Following things influence the slopes of drains and pipes:

    1. Quantity of water to be transported

    2. Size or diameter of the pipe

    3. Distance the water to be carried

    4. Velocity or the pressure required for the water at the outlet, if any

    Slopes of drains and pipes at construction site is checked by dumpy level or level machines. For the same, you have to calculate depth of pipes at different intervals.

    Suppose, 1:4 slope of the pipe is required as per drawing (as mentioned by you), then the depth of pipe at should have a difference of 1 m from start of the pipe to the end of pipe at 4m. If you want to know the depth of pipe at 2m length, then it will be half of the end position, i.e. 0.5m. These are calculated based on triangle.

    Slopes are always mentioned w.r.t. a reference point. Consider your reference point as a levelled surface. Then length of the pipe required will be length of the triangle, base will be the depth required from the start to end of the pipe. Now you can divide the triangle at different point and calculate the depth required at different locations of the pipeline or drain system.

    I will provide your more details with figures soon.

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Asked: September 12, 2020In: Construction Site Related

How to Calculate the Lifespan of any Building?

AdityaBhandakkar
AdityaBhandakkar

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How to Calculate the Lifespan of any Building?

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

    Komal Bhandakkar

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    Added an answer on September 22, 2020 at 1:52 pm
    How to Calculate the Lifespan of any Building?

    Aditya, Here you are asking about Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of structure. The life span of structure will vary according to the type of structure. There is no formula available to calculate the life span of any structure. Different parameters we should take into mind while doing a calculation of lRead more

    Aditya,

    Here you are asking about Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of structure.

    The life span of structure will vary according to the type of structure.

    There is no formula available to calculate the life span of any structure.

    Different parameters we should take into mind while doing a calculation of life span of structure, they are as follows;

    Building Construction Material:

    • RCC structure

    Structural Design:

    • Mostly influencing parameter.
    • Vary as per Building Construction Material.

    The locality of structure construction: E

    • Earthquake-prone area
    • HFL (High Flood Level) zone

    Height of structure.


     Kindly noted that I have attached one photo of the life span of various structures.

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Asked: August 2, 2020In: Construction Site Related

What is the difference between Grit and Aggregate?

vivek gami
vivek gami

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What is the difference between Grit and Aggregate?

  1. aviratdhodare

    aviratdhodare

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    Added an answer on January 5, 2021 at 1:49 pm

    Aggregates less than size 6mm is called as Grit, while agg's more than 6mm in size is termed as Kapchi. Words Grit & Kapchi instead of Aggregates are normally used in Asphalt road works rather than in cement concrete works. In cement concrete mix, you can use Grit as a part of fine aggregates orRead more

    Aggregates less than size 6mm is called as Grit, while agg’s more than 6mm in size is termed as Kapchi. Words Grit & Kapchi instead of Aggregates are normally used in Asphalt road works rather than in cement concrete works. In cement concrete mix, you can use Grit as a part of fine aggregates or Coarse Sand.

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Asked: July 15, 2020In: Construction Site Related

What is the difference between Lumpsum and Provisional Sum?

fathima
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What is the difference between Lumpsum and Provisional Sum?

  1. DevilAVRT

    DevilAVRT

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    Added an answer on July 17, 2020 at 5:09 pm

    Lumpsum A lumpsum contract (or specified total agreement) is the customary method for acquiring development and still the most well-known type of development contract. Under a singular amount contract, a solitary 'single amount' cost for all the works has concurred before the works start. This is coRead more

    Lumpsum

    A lumpsum contract (or specified total agreement) is the customary method for acquiring development and still the most well-known type of development contract. Under a singular amount contract, a solitary ‘single amount’ cost for all the works has concurred before the works start. This is commonly fitting where the venture is very much characterized, when tenders are looked for, and noteworthy changes to necessities are impossible. This implies the temporary worker can precisely value the works they are being approached to complete. Lumpsum contracts may be less suitable where speed is significant, or where the idea of the works isn’t very much characterized. Different types of agreement that may be increasingly suitable in such conditions incorporate estimation contracts (utilized where the works can be depicted in sensible detail, yet the sum can’t), cost repayment contracts (utilized where the idea of the works can’t be appropriately characterized at the beginning, frequently utilized where a prompt beginning nearby is required), target cost contracts, etc.

    Focal points of lumpsum contracts:

    • Customer’s hazard is insignificant.
    • Less varieties.
    • The customer can orchestrate capital as indicated by the installment plan.
    • Temporary worker’s income is unsurprising.
    • The offering procedure is increasingly straightforward and unprejudiced.

    Impediments of lumpsum contracts:

    • Contractual workers chance is high (helpless profitability and bungle can lead the undertaking into a misfortune).
    • Helpless subtleties and specs in the structure can prompt venture debates.
    • Deferrals in the customer’s financing can postpone the undertaking.
    • The structure ought to be finished and accessible before the pre-contract process.
    • Obtainment times can be long.

    Provisional Sum

    The term ‘provisional sum’ is commonly surely known in the development business. It is utilized in valuing development agreements to allude either to work which is really temporary, as in it could conceivably be done by any means, or to work whose substance is unclear, with the goal that the gatherings choose not to attempt to value it precisely when they go into their agreement. A provisional sum is typically included as a round figure surmise. It is incorporated scientifically in the first agreement cost; however, the gatherings don’t anticipate that the underlying round figure should be paid without modification. The agreement normally gives explicitly how it is to be managed. A typical statement in substance accommodates the temporary whole to be discarded, and a fitting valuation of the work really did to be fill in for it. In this general sense, the term ‘temporary aggregate’ is near a term of workmanship, yet its exact significance and impact rely upon the conditions of the individual agreement.

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Asked: June 8, 2020In: Construction Site Related

What Type of Reinforcement is used in Prestressing Concrete?

Preet Chovatiya
Preet Chovatiya

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What type of reinforcement used in prestressing concrete? Is it either the standard reinforcement used in conventional RCC structure, or is there any particular type or category of reinforcement for prestressing?

  1. Neenu S K

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    Added an answer on June 9, 2020 at 8:02 am

    Hi, The prestressing steel used for prestressed concrete can take the form of Tendons Cables Wires – (Plain wire and Indented Wire) Strands –(Two-wire, three-wire and seven-wire strand) Bars The types of prestressing steel are: Cold Worked Prestressing steel Stress-relieving prestressing steel StraiRead more

    Hi,

    The prestressing steel used for prestressed concrete can take the form of

    1. Tendons
    2. Cables
    3. Wires – (Plain wire and Indented Wire)
    4. Strands –(Two-wire, three-wire and seven-wire strand)
    5. Bars

    The types of prestressing steel are:

    1. Cold Worked Prestressing steel
    2. Stress-relieving prestressing steel
    3. Strain tempered Prestressing steel

    Read More: Specifications of Prestressing Steel in Prestressed Concrete

    Difference between Reinforcing Steel and Prestressing Steel

    Both R.C.C and Prestressed Concrete employs steel bars or wires in order to sustain tension. But both the types of concrete make use of different steel.

    The steel used by R.C.C concrete can be:

    1. Solid Bars with Ribs
    2. Wires
    3. Metal Mesh

    The steel used in Prestressed Concrete are wires, strands, solid bars as mentioned above. Prestressed concrete uses high tensile strength steel that is manufactured by increasing the carbon content in steel compared to ordinary mild steel used in R.C.C.

    In prestressed concrete, the steel used is tensioned or prestressed. This results in loss of prestress in a range of about 20%. The use of mild steel bars or HYSD bars bring a greater loss than this value. Hence, it is necessary to have high strength tensile bars for prestressed concrete.

    Also Read: What is Steel Reinforcement? Types and Properties of Steel Reinforcement?

    Regards

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Asked: May 16, 2020In: Construction Site Related

Admixtures in concrete for to Delay Setting Times

Ramesh Kumar
Ramesh Kumar

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How to calculate admixture for transporting concrete for long distances to delay setting time in case of long-distance transportation in transit mixers?

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

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    Added an answer on October 5, 2020 at 10:21 pm

    The admixture which we use in the concrete for delaying its setting time then such type of admixtures are called as retarders. Gypsum is a retarding agent which we add in the cement during its manufacturing process. Gypsum is work as a starting agent as well as it restricts soundness in the cement.Read more

    The admixture which we use in the concrete for delaying its setting time then such type of admixtures are called as retarders.

    Gypsum is a retarding agent which we add in the cement during its manufacturing process.

    Gypsum is work as a starting agent as well as it restricts soundness in the cement.

    Apart from gypsum of various admixtures already listed in some previous post.

    The chemical name of gypsum is calcium sulphate.


    Thank you.

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Asked: July 27, 2020In: Construction Site Related

What Reinforcements are used in the Process of Prestressing?

DevilAVRT
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What Reinforcements are used in the Process of Prestressing?

  1. Komal Bhandakkar

    Komal Bhandakkar

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    Added an answer on October 19, 2020 at 11:49 pm
    This answer was edited.
    What Reinforcements are used in the Process of Prestressing?

    Reinforcements used in the process of prestressing: Especially in case of prestressing, we are using strands of Steel and it's called tendons. Tendons are made of high strength Steel. Three major types of reinforcements which are used in Prestressing: Spalling R/f Equilibrium R/f Bursting R/f CombinRead more

    Reinforcements used in the process of prestressing:

    Especially in case of prestressing, we are using strands of Steel and it’s called tendons.


    Tendons are made of high strength Steel.


    Three major types of reinforcements which are used in Prestressing:

    1. Spalling R/f
    2. Equilibrium R/f
    3. Bursting R/f

    Combination of reducing the structural thickness reduced conventional reinforcements quantities and fast construction often results in un prestressed structure.


    Thank You.  

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Asked: November 13, 2017In: Construction Site Related

For flooring of tiles which sand is best crushed or natural?

Gopal Mishra
Gopal Mishra

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What are the different advantages and disadvantages of artificial and natural sand for flooring of tiles? Which one is suitable ?

  1. aviratdhodare

    aviratdhodare

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    aviratdhodare
    Added an answer on October 3, 2020 at 11:25 am

    River sand M sand Shape is round & smooth Shape is cubical, angular & rough texture Less cement paste is reqd to make concrete Req’s more water & cement Sand has high cost but using it makes work economical Sand is cheaper but using it will make it increased cost Contains less microfineRead more

    River sand M sand
    Shape is round & smooth Shape is cubical, angular & rough texture
    Less cement paste is reqd to make concrete Req’s more water & cement
    Sand has high cost but using it makes work economical Sand is cheaper but using it will make it increased cost
    Contains less microfine particles Contains more microfine particles
    Doesn’t affect any property, best choice Affects strength & workability of cocrete
    Moisture content present Less or no moisture content
    Strength is less High comp strength & flexural strength but should be well graded.
    Slit & over-sized materials& marine products present should be removed by washing & screening. No slit & over-sized materials & marine products
    Used for RCC, plastering & Brick or block laying work Diff grades is used for diff works.

     

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