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What is adsorbed water, and how does it affect the permeability of soil?
What are the method for finding Bearing capacity of soil?
The different methods for finding bearing capacity of soil are as follows :- 1. Presumptive analysis 2. Analytical method 3. Plate bearing test 4. Penetration test 5. Modern testing method 6. Centrifuge test
The different methods for finding bearing capacity of soil are as follows :-
1. Presumptive analysis
2. Analytical method
3. Plate bearing test
4. Penetration test
5. Modern testing method
6. Centrifuge test
What is the Average Density of Soil?
As we know, Density = Mass / Volume Here, Soil density is defined in two well accepted concepts as particle density and bulk density. In the metric system, particle density can be expressed in terms of mega grams per cubic meter (Mg/m3). Thus if 1 m3 of soil solids weighs 2.6 Mg, the particle densitRead more
As we know,
Density = Mass / Volume
Here, Soil density is defined in two well accepted concepts as particle density and bulk density. In the metric system, particle density can be expressed in terms of mega grams per cubic meter (Mg/m3). Thus if 1 m3 of soil solids weighs 2.6 Mg, the particle density is 2.6 Mg / m3 (since 1 Mg =1 million grams and 1 m3 =1 million cubic centimeters) thus particle density can also be expressed as 2.6 g / cm3.
Particle Density :-
The weight per unit volume of the solid portion of soil is called particle density. Generally particle density of normal soils is 2.65 grams per cubic centimeter. The particle density is higher if large amount of heavy minerals such as magnetite; limonite and hematite are present in the soil. With increase in organic matter of the soil the particle density decreases. Particle density is also termed as true density.
Bulk Density :-
The oven dry weight of a unit volume of soil inclusive of pore spaces is called bulk density. The bulk density of a soil is always smaller than its particle density. The bulk density of sandy soil is about 1.6 g / cm3, whereas that of organic matter is about 0.5. Bulk density normally decreases, as mineral soils become finer in texture. The bulk density varies indirectly with the total pore space present in the soil and gives a good estimate of the porosity of the soil. Bulk density is of greater importance than particle density in understanding the physical behavior of the soil. Generally soils with low bulk densities have favorable physical conditions.
See lessHow can we differentiate clay and silt apart from its sizes?
Here, from a geotechnical perspective you can’t differentiate silt and clay on the basis of grain size because it can be irrelevant to material behaviour. Silt and clay are both the result of the physical and chemical breakdown of the minerals in rocks. They main difference is in chemical compositioRead more
Here, from a geotechnical perspective you can’t differentiate silt and clay on the basis of grain size because it can be irrelevant to material behaviour.
Silt and clay are both the result of the physical and chemical breakdown of the minerals in rocks. They main difference is in chemical composition and particle size.
Silt is composed of silicate minerals, or those containing silicon and oxygen.
Clay is composed of metal silicates, or silicates with metals like magnesium or aluminum associated with it.
But in terms of handling the two as part of an experiment, the main discernible difference is particle size. Sand particles are larger than silt particles which are in turn larger than clay particles. Silt particles are about 0.05 to 0.002 millimeters in size. Clay particles are smaller than micrometer in size. So silt particles are too small to really be felt with your fingers like grains of sand. But wet silt will feel very smooth like finely ground baking flour. Clay particles are so small that they will simply feel sticky. You won’t be able to move them around your fingers like silt particles. This stickiness will be the main difference between the two in terms of touch.
See lessWhich best material for backfill of retaining wall?
Thus when it comes to backfill, it refers to the dirt behind the wall. In order to provide proper drainage, atleast 12 inches of granular backfill (gravel or a similar aggregate) should be installed directly behind the wall. Compacted native soil can be used to backfill the rest of the space behindRead more
Thus when it comes to backfill, it refers to the dirt behind the wall. In order to provide proper drainage, atleast 12 inches of granular backfill (gravel or a similar aggregate) should be installed directly behind the wall. Compacted native soil can be used to backfill the rest of the space behind the wall.
See lessWhy abutment in bridge is designed as earth pressure and rest condition?
Abutment in bridge is designed as earth pressure and rest condition because abutments support the ends of the bridge and transfer the loads from the superstructure in to the ground. The abutments also support the bearing devices and the backwalls Moreover, bridge abutments connect the deck, or surfaRead more
Abutment in bridge is designed as earth pressure and rest condition because abutments support the ends of the bridge and transfer the loads from the superstructure in to the ground. The abutments also support the bearing devices and the backwalls Moreover, bridge abutments connect the deck, or surface of the bridge, to the ground and help support its weight both horizontally and vertically. On short bridges, one abutment is placed at either end of the bridge and connected to the embankment, sometimes including a retaining wall.
See lessWhat is the bearing capacity of soil? How can we calculate it?
With the previous answer, I would like to add the following. Bearing capacity plays a major role in the foundation design of a structure. Bearing capacity (kN/sq.m) is the maximum load that the soil can take per unit area without failure, displacement, or yielding. Bearing capacity depends on the soRead more
With the previous answer, I would like to add the following.
Bearing capacity plays a major role in the foundation design of a structure. Bearing capacity (kN/sq.m) is the maximum load that the soil can take per unit area without failure, displacement, or yielding. Bearing capacity depends on the soils structure, density, permeability, porosity, and shear strength. Mostly, based on the bearing capacity, we arrive at the type and dimensions on the footing,
The tests have already been included in the answer by Vivek Patel.
To know more about, bearing capacity of soils,
https://theconstructor.org/geotechnical/bearing-capacity-of-soil-calculation/11996/
See lessHi, With regards to your article (link: https://theconstructor.org/geotechnical/soil-maximum-dry-density-optimum-moisture-content/18426/), what is the reference in standards. I done check with BS 1377:1990 Part 4 ; but there is no statement saying the range of optimum moisture content for different soil type. If your author ...
The optimum moisture content of soil actually varies and a standard value for silt, clay, and sand is not strictly mentioned in most of the codes. The values mentioned in the article were based on the general laboratory test values based on Indian Standard Tests and Indian soil conditions. If my knoRead more
The optimum moisture content of soil actually varies and a standard value for silt, clay, and sand is not strictly mentioned in most of the codes. The values mentioned in the article were based on the general laboratory test values based on Indian Standard Tests and Indian soil conditions.
If my knowledge is right, we do mention the average moisture content value within a range.
Thanks for your feedback and query
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sanjaypakad
Adsorbed water The term 'Adsorbed water' as it applies to the area of reclamation can be defined as ' Water in a soil or rock mass, held by physico-chemical forces, having physical properties substantially different from absorbed water or chemically combined water, at the same temperature and pressuRead more
Adsorbed water
The term ‘Adsorbed water’ as it applies to the area of reclamation can be defined as ‘ Water in a soil or rock mass, held by physico-chemical forces, having physical properties substantially different from absorbed water or chemically combined water, at the same temperature and pressure’.
How affects the permeability :
Fine particles of clay are surrounded by films of adsorbed water. Forces of adsorption and development of diffuse ion-layer around the clay particles create immobilized hydrodynamic layers of water, thereby reducing the effective pore space available for seepage.
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