Geotechnical Engineering

Hi,

Geotechnical engineering deals with materials (e.g., soil and rock) that, by their very nature, exhibit varied and behavior due to the physical processes associated with the formation of these materials. Modeling such materials’ behavior is complicated and usually beyond the ability of most traditional forms of physically-based engineering methods. Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming more popular and particularly amenable to modeling most geotechnical engineering materials’ complex behavior because it has demonstrated superior predictive ability compared to traditional methods. Over the last decade, AI has been applied successfully to virtually every problem in geotechnical engineering. However, despite this success, AI techniques are still facing classical opposition due to some inherent reasons such as lack of transparency, knowledge extraction, and model uncertainty, which will discuss in detail in this chapter. Among the available AI, techniques are artificial neural networks (ANNs), genetic programming (GP), evolutionary polynomial regression (EPR), support vector machines, M5 model trees, and K-nearest neighbors (Elshorbagy et al.,2010). This chapter will focus on three AI techniques, including ANNs, GP, and EPR. 

Investigation of soil depends upon the type of soil and its topographic condition but not to the number of storeys.

For a three-storey building, the soil must be stable with good bearing capacity and does not show any settlement in the previous loading.

The following are the tests performed on the soil to check its geotechnical properties during the construction of any structure; it may be three storeys or more.

1. Moisture content of soil determined by oven drying method, calcium carbide method torsion balance method, pycnometer method, radiation method, alcohol method and sand bath method.
2. Test of specific gravity: it is the ratio of the density of soil to the density of water.
3. Test of Dry Density: it depends upon the value of void ratio and a specific gravity of soil. This test is used to determine the soil as a medium dense, loose and Dense.
4. Test to find atterberg limit: three types of the limit are there that is the liquid limit, plastic limit and shrinkage limit.
5. Compaction test on the soil by proctors method.
6. Bearing capacity value of soil.
7. Penetration test on soil
8. Share test on soil: it is performed by the direct shear test method, triaxial compression test, unconfined shear test, Vane shear test.

Hope you get the answer.