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Which type of foundation are used for G+5 building?
explain briefly about pile foundation and in which type of soil it can be used?
Pile foundations are habitually used for large structures and in certain situations where the soil at shallow depth is unsuitable to withstand excessive settlement & resist uplift. Thank You.
Pile foundations are habitually used for large structures and in certain situations where the soil at shallow depth is unsuitable to withstand excessive settlement & resist uplift.
Thank You.
See lessWhat are the bearing capacity values of different types of soils such as clay, sand, gravel, rocks etc.?
Follwoing are the values of safe bearing capacity as per IS:1904–1978 - Rocks - a) hard sound rock - 330 t/m2 or 3240 KN/m2 b) leminated rock - 165 t/m2 or 1620 KN/m2 c) residual deposit of shattered and broken rocks- 90 t/m2 or 880 KN/m2 d) soft rock - 45 t/m2 or 440 KN/m2 Non Cohesive Soil (sandRead more
Follwoing are the values of safe bearing capacity as per IS:1904–1978 –
Rocks –
a) hard sound rock – 330 t/m2 or 3240 KN/m2
b) leminated rock – 165 t/m2 or 1620 KN/m2
c) residual deposit of shattered and broken rocks- 90 t/m2 or 880 KN/m2
d) soft rock – 45 t/m2 or 440 KN/m2
Non Cohesive Soil (sand & gravel ) –
a) compact gravel, sand and gravel – 45 t/m2 or 440 KN/m2
b) compact and dry coarse sand – 45 t/m2 or 440 KN/m2
c) compact and dry medium sand – 25 t/m2 or 245 KN/m2
d) find sand – 15 t/m2 or 150 KN/m2
e) loose gavel or sand – 25 t/m2 or 245 KN/m2
f) loose and dry fine sand – 10 t/m2 or 100 KN/m2
Cohesive soil –
a) hard or stiff clay, soft shale – 45 t/m2 or 440 KN/m2
b) medium clay – 25 t/m2 or 245 KN/m2
c) moist clay and sand clay mixture – 15 t/m2 or 150 KN/m2
d) soft clay – 10 t/m2 or 100 KN/m2
e) very soft clay – 5 t/m2 or 50 KN/m2
f) black cotton soil , peat – by soil investigation
This is bit difficult to state like this. Generally, in fields, we deal with layered soil systems where in you need to work out settlement of each layer and then compare the same to allowable settlement of the subject structure. The allowable settlement for each structure in different and hence the criterion changes all the time.
More than shear criteria, the settlement criteria generally governs the safe bearing capacity of a soil. So, it is difficult to standardize the bearing capacity values in case of soils. May be, in the case of rock, you can standardize the values as the rock does not settle more than 3–4 mm.
See lessWhat is the difference between gray water and black water in sewage? How can we differentiate between them in a sewer?
Difference between Black Water and greywater: Black Water: Blackwater is the best water from bathrooms and toilets that contains faecal matter and urine. Waterproof kitchens and dishwashers are also considered Black Water due to the contamination of pathogens. It is also referred to as she waits forRead more
Black Water:
Treatment of blackwater:
Greywater:
Treatment of Greywater
Thank you.
See lessWhat is the  importance of timbering in trenches for foundations?
Timbering is a method of providing temporary support to the side of the trench and is sometimes called planking and strutting. It is a method to prevent trench side soil against the collapse. If the soil is not hard then during deep excavation the sides of the trench collapse. The sides of the trencRead more
Timbering is a method of providing temporary support to the side of the trench and is sometimes called planking and strutting. It is a method to prevent trench side soil against the collapse. If the soil is not hard then during deep excavation the sides of the trench collapse.
The sides of the trench are timbering to prevent collapse.
See lessDuring manual concreting of a raft footing which was designed for M25 grade concrete, the estimated cement required was 240 bags, while the laborers due to sheer negligence have added only 140 bags. The Soil conditions are good. There was ...
Effect of cement content on strength of footing: The result reveals that the strength of concrete Foundation increases with increasing cement content in it. However, for concrete with cement content more than 150 kg per metre cube then the strength increases with the increase in the size of coarse aRead more
The result reveals that the strength of concrete Foundation increases with increasing cement content in it.
However, for concrete with cement content more than 150 kg per metre cube then the strength increases with the increase in the size of coarse aggregate up to 25 mm and decreases as the aggregate size increases beyond 25mm.
Without a proper range of cement in the mixture then low strength development or excessive shrinkage may occur leading to premature deterioration.
Thank you. Â
See lessWhat is the application of grillage foundation?
 The application of grillage foundation are: This type of foundation is appropriate to construct for buildings of light construction materials on weak soils. This foundation is needed to save up to 30%. Don’t permit to build the other type of foundation in areas where soil characteristics and conditRead more
 The application of grillage foundation are:
Which type of foundation is used in sea link project bridge?
Most commonly, they use reinforced pile. For e.g., Bandra Worli sea link. The foundations for the BWSL's cable-stayed bridges consist of 120 reinforced concrete piles of 2,000 mm (6.6 ft) diameter. Those for the viaducts consist of 484 piles of 1,500 mm (4.9 ft). These 604 piles were driven betweenRead more
Most commonly, they use reinforced pile.
For e.g., Bandra Worli sea link. The foundations for the BWSL’s cable-stayed bridges consist of 120 reinforced concrete piles of 2,000 mm (6.6 ft) diameter. Those for the viaducts consist of 484 piles of 1,500 mm (4.9 ft). These 604 piles were driven between 6m and 34m into the substrata in geotechnical conditions that varied from highly weathered volcanic material to massive high strength rocks.
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Komal Bhandakkar
Pile foundation and raft foundation is used for a high rise structure. Pile foundations are more capable of taking higher loads than spread footings. When allowable bearing pressure is low, the heavy structure is present & the site is with a highly compressible layer; then raft foundationRead more
Pile foundation and raft foundation is used for a high rise structure.
Thank You.
See less