The stages of cracking (fracture) in concrete: There are three stages of cracking or fracture in concrete. When we describe the cracking mechanisms, it is important to differentiate between the mode of crack initiation and how this occurs at the ...
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Balanced Cantilever Method of Bridge Construction
What is balanced Cantilever method of Bridge Construction? The balanced cantilever method of bridge construction used for bridges with few spans ranging from 50 to 250m. The bridge can be either cast-in-place or precast. Moreover, the basic concept of balanced ...
Compressive Strength Test on Bricks
Compressive strength test on bricks are carried out to determine the load carrying capacity of bricks under compression with the help of compression testing machine. Bricks are generally used for construction of load bearing masonry walls, columns and footings. These ...
MATERIALS FOR REPAIR OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES
The range of materials for repair of concrete structures to be effectively durable is fairly limited. The materials most widely used are concrete and mortar, which are made as far as practicable with the same type of cement and aggregates ...
Reinforcement Detailing of Isolated Footing
Reinforcement detailing of footing is as much important as site investigation for the structural design of footing. A good detailing reflects the design requirement of the footing for structural stability. A good detailing of reinforcement covers topics like cover to ...
STRUCTURE OF A GRAVITY DAM
STRUCTURE (PARTS) OF A GRAVITY DAM Heel: contact with the ground on the upstream side Toe: contact on the downstream side Abutment: Sides of the valley on which the structure of the dam rest Galleries: small rooms like structure left ...
Earthen Construction as an Alternative Low Cost Housing
Earthen construction is the most economically viable and popular method of construction. Earth construction technologies are generally used to construct homes. Other structures such as offices, stores, warehouses etc can also be made using earth. Advantages of Earthen Construction The ...
Calculate Earthquake Forces on Buildings and Structures
Earthquake resistant design requires calculation of earthquake forces on buildings and structures. The guide to earthquake resistant design of building and structures are given by IS 1893:2002 in India.
Factor of Safety For Different Foundations
Factor of Safety and Allowable Pressure Allowable bearing pressure, from shear strength consideration, is only a fraction of the ultimate bearing capacity and is defined by the equation: qallowable = (qultimate / Fs ) + gDf Here, The factor of ...
Types of Concrete Beams and their Reinforcement Details
Reinforced concrete beams are structural members that support the transverse load which usually rest on supports at its end. Girder is a type of beam that supports one or more smaller beam. Types of Concrete Beams Beams are classified as ...