Structures are commonly subjected to both static and dynamic loads, with the former being constant over time and the latter varying with time. While the majority of civil engineering structures are designed assuming static loads, neglecting the effects of dynamic ...
Earthquake Engineering
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Guidelines for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures
An earthquake is the vibration of the Earth’s surface caused by waves emanating from a disturbance in the Earth’s crust, resulting in the release of energy. It manifests as a sudden and transient motion or series of motions of the ...
Earthquake-Resistant Confined Masonry – Components, Difference, and Advantages
Confined masonry construction is a combination of two masonry, which consists of masonry walls (clay brick or concrete block units) and horizontal and vertical RC confining members built on all four sides of a masonry wall panel. Vertical members such ...
Twisting of Buildings During Earthquakes- Causes, and Effects
Twisting of buildings is one of the factors that cause severe damages during earthquakes. This commonly occurs in buildings due to stiffness irregularities in plan and elevation of buildings, and mass irregularity in plan and elevations of buildings. So, when ...
Seismic Zones in India
Seismic zones in Indian subcontinent is divided into four seismic zones (II, III, IV, and V) based on scientific inputs relating to seismicity, earthquakes occurred in the past and tectonic setup of the region. Previously, earthquake zones divided into five ...
10 Causes of Earthquake Damages in Unreinforced Masonry Buildings
There are several weaknesses that may cause the failure of unreinforced masonry structure during earthquakes. These weaknesses are design and construction errors which should be considered and addressed during the design and construction of such structure. The main weaknesses in ...
What are the Four Virtues of Earthquake Resistant Buildings?
There are four virtues that any earthquake resistant buildings should have to a certain extent in order to withstand designated seismic forces. The virtues of earthquake resistant buildings are structural configurations, lateral strength of the building, adequate stiffness, and ductility. ...
Difference Between Magnitude and Intensity of Earthquake
Magnitude and intensity measure various characteristics of earthquake. The former measures the energy released at the source of the earthquake. However, the latter measures the strength of shaking generated by the earthquake at a certain location. The magnitude of earthquake is ...