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What is the meaning of kick-off meeting?
Kuldeep Singh
The kick-off meeting means the very first meeting between the project team, clients, stakeholders, and supervisors before any work begins. Kick-off meetings could include a project description, role assignment, brainstorming, etc. Work breakdown structure (WBS) may also be formed during this meetingRead more
The kick-off meeting means the very first meeting between the project team, clients, stakeholders, and supervisors before any work begins.
See lessKick-off meetings could include a project description, role assignment, brainstorming, etc. Work breakdown structure (WBS) may also be formed during this meeting.
What is different between quality control and quality assurance?
Kuldeep Singh
There's a very fine line between quality assurance and quality control, and both these terms are often used interchangeably. Quality assurance is the concept stating that the necessary actions, procedures, inspections, and audits will be done or have been done in a particular project to assure the qRead more
There’s a very fine line between quality assurance and quality control, and both these terms are often used interchangeably.
Quality assurance is the concept stating that the necessary actions, procedures, inspections, and audits will be done or have been done in a particular project to assure the quality of it.
Quality control, on the other hand, is the very act of carrying out all the necessary procedures and seeing to it that all parts of the project are carried out in the absolute correct way restricting the loss of quality. It may include inspection, maintenance, and audits.
See lessWhat is the difference between ductile and malleable property of material?
Kuldeep Singh
Ductile property or ductility means that the material can be stretched and pulled to a thinner cross-section without breakage. Also, good ductility means the material can be stretched enough to make a wire of it. Malleable property or malleability means that the material can be pressed or beaten enoRead more
Ductile property or ductility means that the material can be stretched and pulled to a thinner cross-section without breakage. Also, good ductility means the material can be stretched enough to make a wire of it.
Malleable property or malleability means that the material can be pressed or beaten enough to flatten it into a sheet without breakage.
See lessWhich best material for backfill of retaining wall?
Kuldeep Singh
When it comes to backfill, the best material is a combination of gravel and native soil. By combination, I don't mean mixture. But, the retaining wall must be backfilled to a thickness of at least 15 cm by gravel of nominal size not exceeding 10 mm. Then behind that, a layer of native soil as much aRead more
When it comes to backfill, the best material is a combination of gravel and native soil. By combination, I don’t mean mixture. But, the retaining wall must be backfilled to a thickness of at least 15 cm by gravel of nominal size not exceeding 10 mm. Then behind that, a layer of native soil as much as the need be. Also, if the land above the backfill is to be used for plant or grass growth, then the native soil layer of not more than 10 cm thickness must be placed vertically above the gravel.
Now, gravel won’t retain water. So, actually, it won’t increase active earth pressure as compared to clay or silt, which could hold water. Also, even if there is a larger design pressure with gravel, still overdesigning is the wiser choice because if not done, the wall or footing may corrode due to water and would have to be rebuilt, creating extra cost.
See lessWhat are the purpose and usage of Plasticizers?Â
Kuldeep Singh
Plasticizers or high range water reducers, or simply water reducers, as the name suggests, serve the basic purpose of reducing the water requirement of concrete. Thus, the purpose is to improve workability without compensation or even an increase of strength. The concrete strength is inversely propoRead more
Plasticizers or high range water reducers, or simply water reducers, as the name suggests, serve the basic purpose of reducing the water requirement of concrete. Thus, the purpose is to improve workability without compensation or even an increase of strength. The concrete strength is inversely proportional to the w/c (water-cement ratio). But a certain amount of water has to be provided to ensure the complete hydration of cement and proper workability of concrete. What plasticizers do, us that they reduce this certain required amount. Hence, strength increases. On the contrary, if you don’t reduce water, with the addition of plasticizers, you get bonus workability!
The uses are :
How to you know if the soil is organic or inorganic?
Kuldeep Singh
There are a few parameters that you can use to judge whether a soil is organic or inorganic. Organic soils have fairly lower bulk densities than inorganic soils (0.2 to 0.3 as compared to 1.2 to 1.5). Organic soils will feel significantly lighter. Organic soils can retain way more water than inorganRead more
There are a few parameters that you can use to judge whether a soil is organic or inorganic.
Organic soils have fairly lower bulk densities than inorganic soils (0.2 to 0.3 as compared to 1.2 to 1.5). Organic soils will feel significantly lighter.
Organic soils can retain way more water than inorganic soils (in proportions if their own densities).
The color of organic soils is usually darker than inorganic soils. But this is not a good parameter for comparison since the color is affected by other things as well apart from organic nature.
Cation exchange capacity (CEC) is higher in organic soils (4 times as that of inorganic soils). This means that organic soils will have a lower pH, higher exchangeable hydrogen, more calcium and magnesium ions, and higher exchangeable calcium content.
See lessWhat is the purpose of soil sample soaked in water 7days in CBR Test?
Kuldeep Singh
The CBR test is done on a soil sample soaked or submerged in water to simulate the worst condition the subgrade material will be in after the construction of the pavement. First, we can't guarantee that the water won't penetrate thought the pavement down to the base and subgrade in the event of rainRead more
The CBR test is done on a soil sample soaked or submerged in water to simulate the worst condition the subgrade material will be in after the construction of the pavement.
First, we can’t guarantee that the water won’t penetrate thought the pavement down to the base and subgrade in the event of rains. Secondly, soil loses strength (especially shear strength) with increasing water content. So CBR value for a soaked sample is always less than that for the same dry sample. So, we design the pavement for a wet subgrade even though it may be dry at the time of construction. Otherwise, the soil will lose strength in the wet season, and the entire pavement will deteriorate with traffic load. So, we need to take the minimum CBR to design.
A step further, the soil for the CBR test is usually soaked for 96 hours (4 days), and if significant loss is detected, the engineers may further soak another sample for up to 5, 6, or 7 days as per their judgment to reach to their design CBR.
See lessWhat are the materials use for water proofing in road construction?
Kuldeep Singh
Generally, for cheap and on-site production of waterproofing, a combination of aggregate chippings and aggregate dust is combined with bitumen emulsion and is completely laid over the constructed road. The emulsion itself can vary in type. Other than this, there are waterproofing solutions manufactuRead more
Generally, for cheap and on-site production of waterproofing, a combination of aggregate chippings and aggregate dust is combined with bitumen emulsion and is completely laid over the constructed road. The emulsion itself can vary in type.
Other than this, there are waterproofing solutions manufactured for roads (bituminous roads). Some common ingredients that I know are :
There may be more, but these are a few common ones.
See less